46. What does the term “hard greens” refer to4

(A) A group of mainstream environmentalists. 
(B) People who grow vegetables to save the earth. 
(C) Environmentalists who are against traditional ways of protecting the earth. 
(D) Farmers who organize international corporate farms for efficient food supply.

Hard greens argue that mainstream environmentalists often promote policies that hurt the planet. 

頑固的綠色主義者認為，主流環保主義者經常提倡損害地球的政策。

46. What does the term “hard greens” refer to4

(C) Environmentalists who are against traditional ways of protecting the earth.

(反對傳統保護地球方法,  主張新的方法的環保主義者)。

If you love nature and the wilderness, you may have a hard time seeing organic farms and solar energy as environmental dangers. But that is the position of some hard greens. Hard greens argue that mainstream environmentalists often promote policies that hurt the planet. Hard greens say that if you want to save the wilderness and protect endangered species, you have to move people off the land and concentrate them in cities. They argue that the pollution produced by large cities and their close suburbs does less danger to the planet and its wild life than the forests that are cut down for farmland, country homes and suburban development. When an organic farmer clears land of trees and bushes to plant fields of organic vegetables, the natural habitat of wild vegetation and animals is destroyed-even if the farmer isn’t using pesticides. Put another way, hard greens would say that you have to reduce man’s footprint on the earth. Here are some positions of “hard greens:” Except in unforested areas that receive a great deal of sun, widespread use of solar energy will seriously damage the environment. In order to produce enough solar energy to provide power to New York City, for example, almost all the forests in the state of New York would have to be cut down to make room for solar cells. Food should be produced by large agribusiness corporations rather than small family farmers. Large corporate farms are more efficient than small farms and produce more food on less land. Organic farming and pesticide-free farm products should be discouraged because they are inefficient. When pesticides are not used, more land must be cleared to produce the same amount of food.

如果您熱愛自然和曠野，您可能很難將有機農場和太陽能視為對環境的危害。但這就是一些硬綠黨的立場。頑固的綠色主義者認為，主流環保主義者經常提倡損害地球的政策。堅硬的果嶺主義者說，如果您想拯救荒野並保護瀕臨滅絕的物種，就必須將人們從土地上轉移到城市中。他們爭辯說，與被砍伐的農田，鄉間住宅和郊區發展的森林相比，大城市及其近郊產生的污染對地球及其野生生物的危害較小。當有機農場主砍伐樹木和灌木叢的土地種植有機蔬菜時，即使他們沒有使用農藥，野生植被和動物的自然棲息地也會遭到破壞。換句話說，堅硬的果嶺說你必須減少人在地球上的足跡。這裡有一些“硬果嶺”的位置：除了在森林茂密的地區接受大量陽光照射之外，廣泛使用太陽能會嚴重破壞環境。例如，為了產生足夠的太陽能來為紐約市提供電力，幾乎必須砍伐紐約州的所有森林，以便為太陽能電池騰出空間。食品應由大型農業綜合企業而不是小型家庭農民生產。大型公司農場比小型農場效率更高，並且在更少的土地上生產更多的糧食。不應鼓勵有機農業和無農藥的農產品，因為它們效率低下。不使用農藥時，必須清理更多土地以生產相同數量的食物。