17、 Which statement is least likely：
(A) Administering morphine at the end of surgery (1 to 3 mg ,i.v., every 5 ~ 10 min improves pain relief with less respiratory depression
(B) The presnce of pain prevent respiratory depression
(C) Patient-controlled analgesia minimizes patient anxiety
(D) NSAID can be part of an effective multimodal analgesia protocol
(E) In general, thoracotomy appears to be the most painful operation

13、 For resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock, which goal for early resuscitation is least recommended? (A) Maintain systolic blood pressure at 80-100 mmHg (B) Maintain hematocrit at 25%-30% (C) Maintain platelet count ＞100,000 (D) Maintain core temperature ＞35℃ (E) Prevent an increase in serum lactate

14、 For Glasgow coma score (GCS), which of the following statement is most appropriate? (A) Score for inappropriate speech is 4 (B) Withdraws from painful stimuli is 4 (C) Eye-opening response to speech is 4 (D) Abnormal extension motor response is 3 (E) Most trauma patients with a diminished GCS score will have operative condition

15、 Concerning anesthesia and intraocular pressure (IOP), which statement is least appropriate? (A) In general, narcotics, tranquilizers and anesthetics can reduce IOP (B) Ketamine can increase IOP (C) Insertion of a laryngeal mask airway after propofol induction has been shown to have minimal effect on IOP (D) Some attempts at preventing an increase in IOP after succinylcholine has been consistently successful (E) Antisialagogues such as atropine, scopolamine, and glycopyrrolate, given intramuscularly for premedication, have no significant effect on IOP

16、 Which of the following is most likely： (A) Use of laryngeal mask airway can avoid airway complication (B) Bilateral superficial cervical plexus blockade can not supplement local infiltration for tracheostomy with local anesthesia (C) A topical block of internal branch of superior laryngeal never can be performed by local anesthetic to the piriform fossa mucosa (D) The CO2 laser may not penetrate an endotracheal tube and ignite a fire (E) Commercially available laser-safe tubes are resistant to the CO2 and Nd:YAG laser

18、 Which of the following statement is most likely? (A) Propofol-based anesthetic are not consistently associated with a low incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (B) Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery are not at increased risk for nausea and vomiting (C) The FDA recommendation of EKG for droperidol usage is practical for anesthesiologists (D) The serotonin antagonist ondansetron is useful as first-line drug for nausea and vomiting (E) Shivering increases the metabolic rate and decrease minute ventilation

19、 Which of the following is least appropriate for postanesthesia recovery score (Modified Aldrete Score) and Postanesthesia Discharge Scoring System? (A) 0 = BP+50mm of preanesthetic level (B) 2 = Arousable on calling (C) 2 = SpO2 ＞ 92 % on room air (D) 1 = 20 %-50 % of preoperative baseline (BP and pulse) (E) 2 = Minimal : treat with PO medications (nausea and vomiting)

20、 Which of the following is least likely the symptom of shock? (A) Diaphoresis (B) Agitation or obtundation (C) Hypotension (D) Diminished urine output (E) Widened pulse pressure

21、 Which of the following statement about recommendations for ventilator settings in acutely injuryed patients is least likely ： (A) Tidal volumes of 8-10 ml/kg (B) Limit peak/plateau pressure to ＜40/35 cmH2O for average patients (C) Wean FIO2 to obtain a PaO2 of 80-100 mmHg or oxygenation saturation of 93 ％-97％ (D) Convert to pressure-controlled inverse-ratio ventilation if necessary (E) Adjust the I:E ratio and respiratory rate a needed

22、 Which of the following statement is least likely? (A) Laryngospasm is a reflex closure of the upper airway from spasm of the glottic musculature (B) Stridor is noisy inspiration from turbulent upper airway gas flow (C) The posterior cricoarytenoids abduct the vocal cords and widen the glottic chink during inspiration (D) The thyroarytenoids and lateral cricoarytenoids adduct the vocal fold (E) Intravenous fentayl can depress the protective airway cough reflex without affecting the laryngospasm reflex

23、 有關小兒心臟麻醉中 central nervous system 之監測，下列敘述何者最不 恰當？ (A) Jugular venous bulb saturation 監測屬於高度危險併發症的侵入性處置 (B) Transcranial doppler (TCD)可監測腦部的空氣 emboli (C) Deep hypothermic bypass 時病人的 EEG 需達到 isoelectric (D) Near-infrared spectroscopy 可監測腦部細胞的 mitrochondrial enzymes 活性 (E) TCD 監測易受病人頭部移動的干擾