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12. 學校行政人員透過經營關係及魅力,並善用具說服力的語言、象徵及典範,影響教師教育熱忱及投入教學,比較接近哈 佛大學教授 Nye 之何種權力的展現? (A)硬實力(hard power) (B)軟實力(soft power) (C)巧實力(smart power) (D)規範權(normative power) 。

1.顏老師一看到班上學生願意主動清潔校園環境時,就立即發給獎勵卡,結果發現班上學生越來越喜歡自動清潔校園環 境了,請問顏老師運用了何種學習原理? (A)人本學習之內在動機激發 (B)行為學習之後效增強 (C)行為學習之刺激配對 (D)認知學習之編碼策略。

14. 根據斯騰伯格的「智力三元論」,下列哪一位學生的表現最符合「實用性智力(Practical Intelligence)」的特徵? (A)曉雯擅長解數學題,邏輯清楚,能快速找出題目規律與解法 (B)子喬喜歡發明新遊戲,常常用生活用品創作有趣的科學小實驗 (C)俊宏對人很有觀察力,知道怎麼說話才能說服對方,也能靈活應對生活中的難題 (D)芸芸背書很快,但遇到題目稍有變化就容易卡住,不太會應用所學

16. 透過察覺而自我接納、自我調節、自我選擇,故治療者的角色是主動介入及歷程引導,透過氣氛的創造協助當事人探索自我,釐清自己的問題所在,身心得以趨向整 合。上述的說明,最符合哪一項治療法之理論依據: (A)行為治療法 (B)完形治療法 (C)意義治療法 (D)理情治療法

8. Bacteriophages, or simply phages, are the viruses that infect bacteria. Which of the following statements about current knowledge of phages is NOT correct? (A) The viral genome is enclosed by a protein-based structure called the capsid. (B) During the lysogenic cycle, phage DNA and viral structures are synthesized and assembled into prophages. (C) During the lytic cycle, bacterial cells lyse and release phages. (D) Bacterial cells defend against phage infection using the CRISPR-Cas system. (E) Phages provide an alternative strategy for treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.

9. Which of the following options correctly identifies three evolutionary adaptations that enable some animals to directly exchange matter (such as gases, nutrients, and wastes) between their body cells and the environment? (A) A gastrovascular cavity, a body with only two cell layers, and a flat body shape. (B) An external respiratory surface, a small body size, and a complex circulatory system. (C) A large body volume, a long tubular body, and a thick protective cuticle. (D) An unbranched internal surface, a microscopic body size, and a thick skin. (E) A high surface area-to-volume ratio, a flattened body shape, and a branched internal digestive tract.