110年 - 110 國立清華大學碩士班考試入學試題_科技法律研究所/甲組:經濟學#105254

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)-經濟學 | 年份：110年 | 選擇題數：6 | 申論題數：11

試卷資訊

所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)-經濟學

選擇題 (6)

1. What impact might an increase in the budget deficit on interest rates and exchange rate? (A) Both interest rates and exchange rates increase. (B)Both interest rates and exchange rates decrease. (C)Interest rates decrease and exchange rates increase. (D) Interest rates increase and exchange rates decrease.

2. Three common measurements for the change in consumer welfare resulting from a price change are the change in consumer surplus, compensating variation, and equivalent variation. The value of these measurements will be closer to each other when (A) the price change is greater. (B)the income elasticity is smaller. (C)the budget share is greater. (D) none of the above.

3.Which of the following statement is true about real and nominal GDP? (A) If nominal GDP increases from one year to the next, we know the production of goods and services has risen. (B)Nominal GDP is a better measure than real GDP in comparing changes in the production of goods and services year after year. (C)Increases in average prices do not affect the calculation of nominal GDP. (D) If real GDP increases from one year to the next, we know that production of goods and services has risen.

4. When an oligopoly market is in Nash equilibrium, (A) firms always collude to in setting their prices. (B)firms do not behave as profit maximizers. (C)a firm will choose its best pricing strategy, given the strategies that it observes other firms have taken. (D) a firm will not take into account the strategies of its rivals.

5. Economists generally favor the use of tradable emission allowances to reduce pollution. However, the use of these allowances has been criticized by some environmentalists. Which of the following describes this criticism? (A) Some environmentalists believe the allowances give firms a license to pollute. (B)Some environmentalists believe that the price of allowances is often too high for consumers to afford. (C)Some environmentalists believe that Pigouvian taxes are a more efficient way to reduce pollution. (D) None of the above.

6. Which one of the following would increase the unemployment rate? (A) a law making it illegal to work more than 35 hours per week (B)a cut in unemployment compensation (C)an increase in unemployment insurance payments (D) a decrease in the minimum wage

申論題 (11)

1 相較於完全競争,獨佔性競争將會導致在長期均衡下,廠商產能將呈現過剩(excesscapacity)的情况,何謂產能過剩?試用圖形說明為何會有此情况,對社會福利的影響為何?相較於完全競争,獨估性競争對消費者的效用影響為何?

2. Suppose the expectations are adaptive and an economy is initially in a long run equilibrium. How will this economy adjust to a new long-run equilibrium in response to an esxpansionary monetary policy? Support your answer with a graph of Short-run and Long-run Phillips curves. Make sure you explain the adjustment process regarding with important economic variables such as real wage, unemployment rate, as well as inflation rate.

3. Consider a scenario of a golf club which serves as a monopolist in the local

market and it faces a downward sloping demand curve. Assume that the

marginal cost of providing golf service is constant and low, use a graph to

demonstrate how this monopolist maximize its profit without any form of

price discrimination. What if this monopolist can practice price

discrimination using two-part tarif(兩部定價法)?What is strategy chosen

by this monopolist. Which scenario (with and without two-part tarift)

generate a larger social surplus? Show your results on the graph.

a 有高概率獲利(95%概率獲得10萬元)

b.有低概率利(5%概率獲得10萬)

C. 有高概率會損失(95%概率損失10萬元)

d. 有低概率會捐失(5%概率失10元)

a. What does a contract curve(契約曲線) on the Edgeworth Box represent?

b. Derive the equation for the contract curve when each consumer has Cobb-Douglas preferences given by U (X,Y) = XY.

c. How does the contract curve change when Consumer 1 has the utility function as U (X,Y) = X²Y while the other consumer's preferences are as before? Derive the equation for the contract curve.

d. Demonstrate the two contract curves on the Edgeworth Box and explain where does the difference between these two contract curves. marginal cost of providing golf service is constant and low, use a graph to demonstrate how this monopolist maximize its profit without any form of price discrimination. What if this monopolist can practice price discrimination using two-part tarif(两部定價法)?What is strategy chosen by this monopolist. Which scenario (with and without two-part tarift) generate a larger social surplus? Show your results on the graph.