110年 - 110 學士後醫學系招生考試：普通生物及生化概論#100229

22. Which one of these characteristics is FALSE for the α-helix in protein? (A) There are 3.6 amino acids per turn. (B) There is a requirement for glycine in every third amino acid residue. (C) A H-bond forms between the carbonyl oxygen of the amino acid residue and the amido proton of the amino acid residue. (D) Proline is typically not found in the α-helix. (E) A single turn of the helix extends about 5.4 Å along the long axis.

23. Which form of tetrahydrofolate is used in the enzymatic transfer of formyl group, as in purine synthesis and in the formation of formyl-methionine in prokaryotes? (A) N⁵ -Formyl-tetrahydrofolate (B) N⁵ -Formimino-tetrahydrofolate (C) -Formyl-tetrahydrofolate (D)Methenyl-tetrahydrofolate (E) Tetrahydrofolate

24. Hydroxylation of proline residues in collagen is catalyzed by proly1 4-hydroxylase. The enzymatic action of prolyl 4-hydroxylase requires: ① Ascorbic acid； ② α-Ketoglutarate； ③ ； ④ ATP； ⑤ (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,②,④ (C) ①,②,⑤ (D) ①,③,④ (E) ①,④,⑤

25. Which of the following reactions requires vitamin K? (A) carboxylation of glutamate (B) ADP ribosylation of tyrosine (C) methylation of arginine (D) oxidation of cysteine (E) amidation of C-terminus of the polypeptide

26. Which of the following proteins plays a dual role in modulating protein folding and conformation of steroid hormone receptors in eukaryotic cells? (A) CroES-CroEL complex (B) Hsp60 (C) Prefoldin (D) Hsp90 (E) Chaperonin

27. By completing β-oxidation of fatty acid with odd number of carbons, ______ will enter the citric acid cycle. ① acetyl-CoA； ② malate； ③ α-ketoglutarate； ④ succinyl-CoA (A) ①,② (B) ①,③ (C) ①,④ (D) ②,③ (E) ③,④

28. Which of the following tools is NOT used to quantify the level of gene expression? (A) real-time RT-PCR (B) RNase protection assay (C) Northern blotting (D) Western blotting (E) Southern blotting

29. Enzymes are potent catalysts because they ______. (A) are consumed in the reactions they catalyze (B) are very specific and the converted products cannot return to substrates (C) drive reactions to completion, while other catalysts drive reactions to equilibrium (D) increase the equilibrium constants for the reactions they catalyze (E) lower the activation energy for the reactions they catalyze

30. What is the major apo-lipoprotein and lipid in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)? (A) ApoB-48, cholesterol ester (B) ApoB-100, phospholipid (C) ApoE, free cholesterol (D) ApoA-I, phospholipid (E) ApoA-II, cholesterol ester

31. Which description about the hormones regulation in human reproduction is FALSE? (A) Inhibin inhibits anterior pituitary to secret follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in male. (B) Testosterone inhibits hypothalamus to secret gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in male. (C) Low levels of estradiol inhibits anterior pituitary to secret FSH in female. (D) High levels of estradiol stimulates hypothalamus to secret GnRH in female. (E) None of the above

32. Regarding to the mitochondria, which statement is FALSE? (A) According to the concept of endosymbiotic theory, the mitochondria extracted from monkey can be transferred into human cells. (B) The genome size of plant mitochondria is much larger than animal’s. (C) A cell can contain more than one mitochondria. (D) Mitochondria can produce ATP more quickly than glycolysis. (E) Mitochondria can do transcription and translation.

33. What do synaptic signaling and paracrine signaling have in common? (A) Cells bind a membrane bound signal on a neighboring cell. (B) Cells release a signal that affects cells at long distances. (C) Cells release a signal that affects itself and neighboring cells. (D) Cells release a signal that affects neighboring cells. (E) Cells release a signal through gap junctions to affect neighboring cells.

複選題
34. Which of the following descriptions about cell division is FALSE? (A) Animal cells form centrioles during cell division. (B) Animal cells form a cleavage furrow to form new daughter cells. (C) There is phragmoplast alignment of Golgi-derived vesicles in plant cell division. (D) The cell plate is the final partitioning of plant cells. (E) Plant cells resort to binary fission.

35. Which is a common feature of gymnosperms and angiosperms? (A) pollen tubes (B) flagellated sperms (C) sperms carried by windborne pollen (D) fruits (E) flowers

36. Which description about the immune system is FALSE? (A) Helper T cells bind antigen-presenting cells (APCs) need Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and accessory protein (CD8). (B) APCs secret cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) for T cell activation. (C) Cytotoxic T cell releases perforin and granzymes to kill infected cells. (D) Pathogens can be disposed by antibodies through neutralization, opsonization, or complement system activation (E) None of the above

複選題
37. Which description about virus is FALSE? (A) Provirus is the viral DNA incorporated into host cell’s DNA. (B) The envelope of RNA virus contains the cell membrane of host and glycoproteins of virus. (C) Adenovirus, papillomavirus, herpesvirus, and poxvirus are DNA viruses. (D) Virods are DNA molecules that infect plant cells. (E) None of the above

38. Breakdown of the fat storage at brown fat tissue in some animals increases when ______. (A) torpor (B) exercising (C) shivering (D) hibernation (E) sleeping

39. In nature, population size could be controlled by a density-independent factor. Which of the followings would be a possible case? (A) forest fires (B) competition (C) parasites (D) predation (E) infection disease

40. In plants, the red light can be absorbed by ______. (A) Pr type phytochrome (B) Plastoquinone (PQ) of photosystem II (PSII) (C) carotenoids (D) ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) (E) ATP synthase

41. Which event for muscle contraction is FALSE? (A) Binding of acetylcholine to receptors stimulates pumping into sarcoplasmic reticulum. (B) Binding of tropomyosin to actin covers myosin-binding site. (C) Binding ofto troponin exposes myosin-binding site of actin. (D) Binding of ATP releases myosin from actin. (E) None of the above