所屬科目：輪機英文
(1)Introduce the auditor and team (if there is one) if the parties do not know each other.
(2)Confirm briefly the purpose and scope of the audit.
(3)Give a short summary of the of the methods and procedures to be used.
(4)Agree a tentative time for the closing meeting.
(b) When a non-conformance is identified, it is good practice to have the auditee initial the entry. This is not to register agreement or liability in a legal sense but simply to indicate that the basis of the non-conformance is understood.
(c) Objective evidence of a departure from the set procedures are valid justification for an audit finding of non-conformance. Non-conformances are sometimes categorized as per the following list. Category 1 is an audit finding or serious non-conformance. Category 2 is an observation.
(d) Following the issuing of the report which contains the list of conformances and non-conformances the auditor has the duty to "follow up". The "follow up" is the process of ensuring within a given time the auditor has seen all the non-conformances closed out.
(a) 編號 K801-180的圖形未獲核准。
(b) 可隨時滿足電力需求。
(c) 每兩個月將救生艇放入水中進行演習。
(d) 船上應安裝一部適合撥打國際直撥的電話機。
(e) 機艙人員與輪機員的作息時間表於3月1日安排完畢並公佈。
(a) The main factors influencing NOx formation are the concentrations of oxygen and nitrogen and the local temperatures in the combustion process.
(b) Delayed injection timing is very effective in reducing NOx but increases fuel consumption and smoke. It is usually combined with increased compression pressure and decreased injection duration to minimize or avoid increase in fuel consumption.
(c) Introduction of water into the combustion chamber reduces combustion temperature due to: (1) the absorption of energy for evaporation, (2) the increase in the specific heat capacity of the cylinder gases (H₂O has higher specific heat capacity than air), and (3) reduced overall oxygen concentration.
(d) Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) lowers the combustion temperature, thus lowering NOx. EGR can be achieved by recirculating exhaust gases and mixing them with the charge air external to the engine cylinder.
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