所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆普通植物學
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins? (A) Transport specific molecules or ions into the cell. (B) Act as receptors for chemical signals. (C) Store genetic information. (D) Convert energy from one form to another. (E) Catalyze chemical reactions.
2. Cellulose synthase is an enzyme located in the: (A) Vacuole. (B) Cell wall. (C) Mitochondria. (D) Chloroplast. (E) Lysosome.
3. Which of the following is NOT part of protoplast? (A) Nucleus. (B) Cytoplasm. (C) Cytosol. (D) Cell wall. (E) Plastid.
4. Which of the following statement about transposons is FALSE? (A) They are movable genetic elements. (B) They are also called 'jumping genes'. (C) They may lead to mutation. (D) They occur only in algae. (E) Plasmids can function as transposons.
5. In the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the vir region is essential for the: (A) Synthesis of opine. (B) Synthesis of cytokinin. (C) Transfer of T-DNA. (D) Synthesis of auxin. (E) Utilization of nitrogen and carbon.
6. Because the first detectable product of the Calvin cycle is _____, the cycle is also known as the _____ pathway. (A) Oxaloacetate; C4 (B) Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate; C5 (C) 3-phosphoglycerate; C3 (D) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; C3 (E) Rubisco; C4
7. Under extremely _____ conditions, CAM plants would most likely grow _____ C3 plants. (A) wet; more slowly than (B) wet; more rapidly than (C) arid; just as rapidly as (D) arid; more rapidly than (E) arid; more slowly than
8. By definition, autotrophs differ from heterotrophs in that autotrophs: (A) Use light as an energy source. (B) Use inorganic compounds as an energy source. (C) Use carbon dioxide as their sole source of carbon. (D) Obtain their energy from dead organic matter. (E) Obtain their carbon from dead organic matter.
9. Bryophytes are a group of organisms at the transition between: (A) Fungi and plants. (B) Brown algae and green algae. (C) Green algae and vascular plants. (D) Non vascular and vascular plants. (E) Aquatic and terrestrial plants.
10. Which of the following statements about pollen grains is FALSE? (A) They are poorly represented in the fossil record. (B) They differ in the number, arrangement, and shapes of their apertures. (C) They vary considerably in size and shape. (D) They provide insights into past climates. (E) They provide a means of identifying flowering plants.
11. Triaperturate pollen is characteristic of: (A) Dicots. (B) Monocots. (C) Eudicots. (D) Magnoliids. (E) Gymnosperms.
12. What is TRUE about the xylem transport and phloem transport? (A) Both are driven by negative pressure. (B) Both are driven by pressure gradient. (C) Both movements are bidirectional. (D) Only xylem transport involves water movement.
13. The largest angiosperm family is the: (A) Magnoliaceae. (B) Asteraceae. (C) Piperaceae. (D) Orchidaceae. (E) Aristolochiaceae.
14. Which one is related to secondary growth of plants? (A) Primary xylem. (B) Vascular cambium. (C) Pith. (D) Shoot apical meristem. (E) Root apical meristem.
15. Lateral roots are differentiated from which part of plants? (A) Endodermis. (B) Cortex. (C) Vascular cambium. (D) Pericycle. (E) Epidermis.
16. Microsporangia are located in the: (A) Ovary. (B) Locule. (C) Corolla. (D) Anther. (E) Filament.
17. Which description about apical dominance is CORRECT? (A) Both auxin and strigolactones repress the growth of axillary buds. (B) Auxin induces the synthesis of cytokinins to repress growth of axillary buds. (C) Auxin, cytokinins and strigolactones have the same effect on apical dominance. (D) Apical dominance enhances the growth of axillary buds.
18. In gymnosperms, pollination occurs usually by: (A) Insects. (B) Water. (C) Wind. (D) Birds. (E) Mammals.
19. In angiosperms, the ovary develops into a(n): (A) Seed. (B) Ovule. (C) Fruit. (D) Carpel. (E) Perianth.
20. Which organelle plays an important role in photorespiration? (A) Etioplast. (B) Chromoplast. (C) Peroxisome. (D) Vacuole. (E) Oil body.
21. Chlorophylls and carotenoid pigments are embedded in the: (A) Stroma. (B) Outer chloroplast membrane. (C) Thylakoid membrane. (D) Plasma membrane. (E) Nucleoids.
22. Cytoplasmic inheritance in plants involves genes present in the: (A) Cytosol only. (B) Plastids only. (C) Mitochondria only. (D) Cytosol and plastid. (E) Plastids and mitochondria.
23. Legumes have long been important in the human diet because they are: (A) Low in fats. (B) Low in carbohydrates. (C) High in fats. (D) High in protein. (E) High in carbodydrates.
24. Upon pathogen attach, plants can defend themselves via following methods EXCEPT _____.(A) Synthesizing chemicals that inhibit the pathogen. (B) Limiting the spread of the pathogen to other cells. (C) Generating antibodies against specific items found in the pathogen. (D) Secreting chemicals that signal the presence of pathogens to other parts of the plant.
25. The innermost layer of the pollen sac wall is the: (A) Sporopollenin layer. (B) Exine. (C) Intine. (D) Sporogenous layer. (E) Tapetum.
26. Self-incompatibility most importantly involves: (A) A biochemical mechanism on the part of the pistil. (B) The genetic identities of pistil and pollen. (C) Morphological difference between flowers. (D) A and B.
27. In the formation of a root nodule, which step normally occurs first? (A) Bacteria produce 'nod factors'. (B) The infection thread is formed. (C) Plant roots secrete signals that attract Rhizobium. (D) Vascular connections to the nodule are established.
28. Which of the following elements is required for the stability of cell walls? (A) Zinc. (B) Chlorine. (C) Calcium. (D) Manganese. (E) Sodium.
29. Which of the following can be sensed by plants? (A) Gravity. (B) Pathogens. (C) Touch. (D) Light. (E) All of above.
30. When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of: (A) Splitting water molecules. (B) Chemiosmosis. (C) The electron transfer system of photosystem I. (D) The electron transfer system of photosystem II.
1. What are plasmodesmata, and what is their function?
2. What is the current model for flower organ formation? According to this model, which class(es) of genes determine the formation of sepal, petal, stamen, and carpel, respectively?
3. What are the key differences between plant and animal cells?
4. Describe three plant hormones and their functions.
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