90年 - 90 國立交通大學_碩士班入學考試試題_交通運輸研究所：科技論文#123662

一、請將下列論文摘要翻譯成中文(30分)
       Taiwan is an island country with shortage of many natural resources.Therefore, the economic development relies heavily on the internationaltrade and specialization. The highway container transportation is the majorway to move the goods of export and import between major ports anddomestic origin or destination points. The container transportation andother domestic highway transportation markets have been opened byTaiwan government to foreign firms recently. This deregulation shouldbring out some impacts to the existing container transportation carriers.Furthermore, there have been dramatic changes in Taiwan's industrialstructure, particularly those relating to international trade. This also affectscontainer transportation businesses a lot. This research surveys andanalyzes the status and problems in the container transportation industry togain better insight about the industry, generate strategies for the existingcarriers and provide some suggestions for public policy makers.

二、請將下列論文摘要翻譯成中文(30分)
       Using the intercity passenger travel data collected in Taiwan area, thisresearch explores the effect of income on mode choice. First, indirect utilityfunctions were derived based on micro-economic theory to show the incomeeffect. Then, mode choice models were built using empirical data. Threetypes of models were built； i.e., income effect detection models, expendituremodels that assume the work hours and incomes are fixed, and wage ratemodels that assume variable work hours. The effects of data (statedpreference data versus revealed preference data), travel distance (longdistance versus medium-short distance), and travel purpose (business versusnon-business) on income effect were discussed. Our main conclusions areas follows: 1. The income effect did exist in mode choice behavior of intercitypassenger travel. 2. The trips of different travel distance and different trippurpose had different income effect. 3. The stated preference data were notnecessarily able to reflect income effect. 4. The empirical results ofexpenditure models showed that the income effect existed in mode choicebehavior of business trips, but not in non-business trips. 5. The results ofwage rate models showed that the marginal utility of leisure is greater thanthat of general goods for business trips. But they were not different for non-business trips.

三、請將下列論文摘要翻譯成英文
市區道路迴轉道規劃設計往往忽略交通工程之考量，常因設置地點與管制方式不當，成為交通瓶頸與易肇事地點。本研究以迴轉道相關路段直行車輛與迴轉車輛之總旅行時間最小化為目標函數，建立數學模式，以選擇最佳的迴轉道設置地點，進而研擬適當的交通管制策略。研究結果顯示，迴轉道距離路口的最適長度並非定值，而是隨著幹道與迴轉道交通流量之改變而不同。以個案研究為例，迴轉道最佳設置地點可分為五種類型，各類型應採取不同之交通管制策略，才能避免迴轉道成為交通瓶頸，維持迴轉道相關路網之交通流暢。