複選題
19.Regarding to the techniques used to detect nucleic acids and protein expression, which statements is/are CORRECT?
(A) Quantitative (real-time) polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) allows the detection of an exponentially amplified DNA fragment during synthesis.
(B) Northern blotting can be used to detect DNA.
(C) Southern blotting can be used to detect DNA.
(D) Southern blotting can be used to detect RNA.
(E) Western blotting can be used to detect protein.

複選題15.Regarding to genome sequences, which statements is/are CORRECT? (A) Point mutations include transition and transversion. (B) Transition results from the substitution of a purine with a pyrimidine, or vice versa. (C) Transversion results from the substitution of a purine with a pyrimidine, or vice versa. (D) When alleles of the same locus are compared, difference in a single nucleotide is called a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). (E) SNPs can be found in patients with a specific disorder.

複選題16.Regarding to DNA repair, which statements is/are CORRECT? (A) DNA polymerase I is the major repair enzyme of E. coli. (B) DNA polymerase III is the major repair enzyme of E. coli. (C) DNA polymerase I participates in DNA replication to remove RNA primer and replace it with DNA. (D) Mismatches between the two strands of DNA can be repaired by excision repair system. (E) Photo-reactivation is a non-mutagenic repair system that acts specifically on purine dimers.

複選題17.Regarding to recombination, which statements is/are CORRECT? (A) DNA double-strand breaks may be repaired by homologous recombination. (B) DNA double-strand breaks may be repaired by non-homologous end joining. (C) Homologous recombination can occur between synapsed chromosomes in meiosis. (D) Recombination can recover DNA from replication errors. (E) Recombinases catalyze specialized recombination involving specific sites that have a long stretch of sequence homology.

複選題18.Regarding to the techniques used in molecular cloning and gene expression, which statements is/are CORRECT? (A) Restriction endonucleases that recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences are often used in molecular cloning. (B) Plasmids with low copy numbers are often used as cloning vectors. (C) Expression vectors contain promoters that allow transcription of the cloned gene. (D) Cloned DNA can be introduced into E. coli by transformation. (E) CRISPR-Cas system is a gene editing technique.

複選題20.Regarding to the techniques used in molecular biology, which statements is/are CORRE CT? (A) Chromatin-immunoprecipitation can be used to detect DNA-protein interactions. (B) Chromatin-immunoprecipitation are often used to detect interactions between DNA sequences. (C) Chromatin-immunoprecipitation are often used to detect protein-protein interactions. (D) Immunoprecipitation is often used to detect protein-protein interactions. (E) Transgenic mice can be obtained by injecting recipient blastocysts with embryonic stem cells that carry transfected DNA.

複選題21.Which of the following evidence is indicative of the presence of a gene in an unknown DNA sequence? (A) alignment to a partial cDNA sequence (B) sequence similarity to genes of other organisms (C) open reading frame consistent with the rules for exon and intron seguences (D) finding the presence of promoters (E) identifying the poly( A ) sites

複選題22. Which of the following statement(s) is/are TURE of an eukaryotic chromosome? (A) It contains heterochromatin, which is transcriptionally inactive and more susceptible to DNase digestion. (B) It consists of a single DNA molecule. (C) The centromeric sequences are important for proper chromosome segregation during replication. (D) The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are called telomeres, and contain special repeat sequences, called telomeric sequences. (E) Kinetochores assemble at the centrosome.

複選題23.For the DNA replication in E. coli, which of the following(s) is/are CORRECT? (A) The strands become separated during synthesis. (B) It synthesizes each strand in the opposite direction (one 5'-＞3', one 3'-＞5'), so they can be synthesized at once. (C) DNA polymerase I adds nucleotides to the primer strand (D) The leading strand is synthesized continuously (E) The DNA polymerases in bacteria have similar functions to those found in cukaryotes, but they are not identical.

複選題24. Which property of DNA is/are crucial for the conservation of genetic information? (A) the amount of C is the same as the amount of G (B) base-pair complementarity (C) the ability to form a circular DNA (D) semiconservative replication (E) antiparallelism

複選題25.0kazaki fragments are (A) short DNA pieces that explain how DNA is synthesized on the lagging strand. (B) short DNA pieces that are only found in prokaryotes. (C) short DNA pieces that are ligated by ligase to form continuous DNA strands. (D) the remnants of the original strands that are dispersed in the new double stranded DNA molecules. (E) RNA primers used for DNA replication.