12.β-galactosidase cleaves the disaccharide lactose into _______and_______.
(A) glucose, galactose;
(B) glucose, fructose;
(C) galactose, fructose;
(D) galactose, galactose.
(E) glucose, glucose.

1. Which of the following scientists was the first to describe transposon?(A) Mendel; (B) Morgan; (C) McClintock; (D) Miescher; (E) Avery

2. Which of the following enzymes can destroy the RNA in a solution?(A) ribonuclease; (B) trypsin; (C) ATPase; (D) deoxyribonuclease; (E) Kinase.

3. Which of following codons would not be recognized as a stop coden fortranslation?(A) AUG; (B) UĄG; (C) UAA; (D) UGA; (E) none of the choices are correct.

4. Which of following sequences is a palindrome?(A) GAATTC; (B) CTGACT; (C) ATCCTC; (D) GGCCAA; (E) CCTTTC

5. All of the following descriptions is gene participates in activities conditions except (A) A gene is repository of genetic information; (B) A gene can be replicated; (C) A gene can accept occasional changes, or mutation; (D) Genes are fixed in their position on a chromosome. (E) Genes could also be turned on or off due to certain environmental conditions.

6. Which of following descriptions is not correct for transcription? (A) DNA as a template; (B) Four ribonucleoside triphosphates as subtracts; (C) DNA polymerase as enzyme; (D) Phosphodiester bond in the product chain; (E) the product growing chain in 5' to 3' direction.

7. Which of following descriptions is not correct? (A) The prokaryotic mRNA have a special sequence, called a Shine-Dalgarno sequence; (B) A protein called the cap-binding protein binds to the cap and then helps attract ribosome at eukaryotic mRNAs; (C) The initiation codon interacts with a special aminoacyl-tRNA is N-formylmethionyl-tRNA in eukaryote; (D) The enzyme call aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that play a specific amino acid attach to a specific tRNA; (E) The tRNA contains a 3-bp sequence that pairs with a complementary 3-bp sequence in an mRNA.

8. The cDNA is (A) circular DNA; (B) complementary DNA; (C) central DNA; (D) cloned DNA; (E) cut DNA.

9. All of the following items are biological macromolecules except(A) Protein; (B) Carbohydrate; (C) Nucleic acid; (D) Fats; (E) Vitamin

10. Which of following descriptions is not correct for Mendel's laws of inheritance?(A) One allele can be dominant over the other, recessive, allele; (B) If each parentcarries two copies of a gene, the parents are diploid for that gene; (C) A gene can existin different forms called alleles; (D) An organism that has two identical alleles for agene is said to be homozygous for that gene; (E) Sex cells, or gametes, are haploid,containing two copies of each gene.

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