12. Same initial condition as in problem 10, but this time we insulate the system from the environment such that the expansion process is quasi-static and adiabatic. Starting with 20℃ and 10 liter, what is the volume of the chamber when the pressure reaches 1 atm? Assuming the specific heat are and
(A) 24 liter；
(B) 22.1 liter；
(C)18.4 liter；
(D) 16.9 liter；
(E) 12.3 liter.

8. A thin circular disk of radius R carries a total charge Q uniformly distributed on its surface. Assuming symmetric electric field on the two sides of the disk, which of the following expressions is a good approximation of the electric feld strength at a distance r above the center of the disk, where r << R?(A) (B) (C) (D)(E)

9. Same setting as in prablem 8, but with r ＞＞ R. Which of the following is a good approximation of the electric field strength?(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

10. A piston system containing 1 mole of ideal gas in a 10 liter volume initially. The system is put in thermal contact with the environment at 20℃ and 1 atm of pressure. The piston is then released and the volume expands slowly in a quasi-static manner. The temperature is maintained at 20℃ during the whole process. The expansion stops when the pressure inside the piston reaches 1 atm. What is the volume of the gas chamber after the expansion? (The universal ideal gas constant, R, is 0.082 Liter-atm/K/mole.)(A) 24.1 liter； (B) 22.1 liter； (C)18.4 liter； (D) 16.9 liter； (E) 12.3 liter.

11. Same setting as problem 10, what is the work done by the piston during the expansion process?(A) 24 J； (B) 21 J； (C)18 J； (D) 16 J； (E) o J.

13. Same as problem 12, what is the change of entropy during this process?(A) 24 J/K； (B) 21 J/K； (C)18 J/K； (D) 16 J/K；(E)0 J/K.

14. In electrostatic equilibrium, the electric field just outside any charged con- ductor is(A) always zero； (B) always perpendicular to the surface of the conductor； (C)always parallel to the surface of the conductor, along the gra- dient of the surface charge distribution； (D) always parallel to the surface, but perpendicular to the gradient of the surface charge distribution, (E) of no particular direction.

15. A string of length L and linear density λ is stretched to a tension T. What is the expression of its resonance frequencies of standing waves?(A) (B)(C)(D)(E),where n is any positive integer. (Hint: Wave equation of small displacement y is )

16. Two parallel infinite wires 2cm apart carry currents of 1A and 8A, separately. What is the force per meter between them?(A) (B) N/m； (C)(D) (E)

17. A 1.2 mF capacitor is connected across a generator whose output is V = Vosin(2πft), with Vo = 20 V, f = 60 Hz, and t in seconds. Find the peak current and absolute value of the current at t = 5ms.(A) 9.05A, 2.80A； (B) 9.05A, 1.80A； (C)1.44A, 0.45A； (D) 1.44A, 0.25A； (E) 9.05A, 8.61A.

18. The deBroglie wavelength of a non-relativistic particle with mass m and speed u is:(A)(B)(C) (D) (E) . Here h is the Planck constant and c is the speed of light.