16.含有propylene glycol之注射劑,可能導致新生兒發生下列那些不良反應?①自albumin結合
位置取代bilirubin ②高血壓 ③乳酸中毒 ④抑制呼吸
(A)①②
(B)②④
(C)①③
(D)③④
統計: A(443), B(410), C(1065), D(3537), E(0) #1153552
詳解 (共 9 筆)
常用來當作脂溶性藥品的溶劑(ex.鎮靜類BZD類的針劑)
長時間使用這類針劑 須小心 急性腎小管死 乳酸中毒 滲透壓高
Propylene glycol ,簡稱PG,是一種有機化合物,具有許多用途,在工業上常被做為防凍劑、冷卻劑,以及作為食品添加劑,化妝品保濕劑等,除外,PG 也可作為藥品的溶劑或稀釋劑。PG 在成人體內排除半衰期為2-5 小時,於嬰兒半衰期延長為16-19 小時,45%的PG 由腎臟原型排出,其餘則經肝臟氧化轉換成乳酸。
基本上PG 是無毒的,然而當病人被大量快速投予或持續靜脈輸注含PG 之藥物,病人就可能會有乳酸中毒之風險。
(A)指的是ceftriaxone(故新生兒多用Cefotaxime)
Reported adverse effects from PG include central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, hyperosmolarity, hemolysis, cardiac arrhythmia, seizures, agitation, and lactic acidosis
When PG is administered intravenously, adverse effects may present in different ways. With too rapid an infusion, hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias can occur. The combination of PG and its metabolites have been implicated in various clinical scenarios such as hyperosmolarity and metabolic acidosis. These conditions can lead to hemolysis, renal failure, CNS depression with seizures, and various presentations of cardiovascular decompensation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4341412/#!po=16.0714