19. Which of the following statements is true regarding the composition of all sphingolipids?
(A) All sphingolipids are made of ceramide, a sphingosine backbone with a fatty acid attached.
(B) Sphingolipids contain a glycerol backbone and fatty acids.
(C) Sphingolipids do not contain fatty acids.
(D) All sphingolipids are made of phospholipids and cholesterol.

1. Which of the following statements is correct regarding acetyl-CoA carboxylase? (A) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is an allosteric enzyme. (B) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is regulated by hormones via changes in its phosphorylation state. (C) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is the most important enzyme in the regulation of lipogenesis. (D) All of the above are correct

2. Which of the following statements is wrong regarding the regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase? (A) Citrate promotes the conversion of the enzyme from an inactive dimer to an active polymeric form (B) Long-chain acyl-CoA promotes inactivation of the enzyme by phosphorylation of the enzyme. (C) Long-chain acyl-CoA promotes the tricarboxylate transporter, which transports citrate out of mitochondria into the cytosol. (D) All of the above are correct

3. Which of the following nucleotide triphosphates is the structure above?  (A) CTP (B) ATP (C) dATP (D) dCTP

5. Based on the table above, which of the following DNA sequences corresponds to the potential coding region for this peptide? (表格請見試卷) (A) ATG CCT TAC GAT GTG CCT GAT TAT GCT (B) TAA CCC TAT GAT GTA CCC GAC TAC GCC (C) TAT CCA TAA GAC GTC CCA GAT TAT GCA (D) TAC CCG TAT GAC GTC CCG GAC TAC GCG

7. To further characterize the viral protein, a synthetic DNA probe with 18 nucleotides was used to screen cDNA libraries prepared from viral infected serum. According to the table above, which of the following peptides will minimize the number of DNA probes for the screening?  (A) YPYDVP (B) PYDVPD (C) YDVPDY (D) DVPDYA

8. Which of the following descriptions of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I is correct? (A) The enzyme is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. (B) The enzyme transfers the long-chain acyl group from CoA to carnitine, forming acylcarnitine and releasing CoA. (C) The enzyme also binds acylcarnitine and transports it across the membrane in exchange for carnitine. (D) All of the above are correct.

9. Which of the following will be produced in platelets and, upon release, lead to vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation? (A) Thromboxanes (B) Prostacyclins (C) Leukotrienes (D) Lipoxins

10. Which below enzyme can use RNA as a template to synthesize DNA? (A) DNA polymerase (B) RNA polymerase II (C) Reverse transcriptase (D) Ligase (E) Helicase

11. Which RNA below transfers amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis? (A) tRNA (B) mRNA (C) rRNA (D) siRNA (E) miRNA

12. Which amino acid of RNA polymerase's carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) can be phosphorylated by TFIIH? (A) Tyrosine (B) Threonine (C) Methionine (D) Serine (E) Histidine

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