25. The maternal factor _______ define the anterior/head structure of a fly embryo.
(A) Torso
(B) Bicoid
(C)Nanos
(D) Antennapedia
(E)Dorsal

21. In a comparison of birds and mammals, having four limbs is __________.(A) a shared ancestral character (B) a shared derived character (C)a character useful for distinguishing birds from mammals (D) an example of analogy rather than homology (E)None of the above.

22. Which virus is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis? (A) Epstein-Barr virus (B) Cytomegalovirus (C)Herpes simplex virus (D) Varicella-zoster virus (E)None of the above.

23. Which is NOT the factor contributed to prokaryotes genetic diversity? (A) Rapid reproduction (B) Genetic recombination (C)Mutation (D) Mutualism (E)All of the above.

24. What part of the bacterial cell helps it move? (A) Capsule (B) The flagella (C)Pili (D) Fimbriae (E)Cilia

26. Which two joined amino sugars form a peptidoglycan monomer? (A) N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid (B) N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetyltalosaminuronic (C)N-acetylmuramic acid and pseudomurein (D) Galactosamine and Daunosamine (E)None of the above.

27. Bacterial conjugation is an example of _______ .(A) Transduction (B) Vertical gene transfer (C)Horizontal gene transfer (D) Bacterial transformation (E)None of the above.

28. Which enzyme is responsible for reverse transcription in retroviruses? (A) RNA polymerase (B) DNA polymerase (C)Reverse transcriptase (D) Ligase (E)Protease

29. Which of the following distinguishes cardiac muscle from both smooth and skeletal muscles? (A) Its cells contract. (B) Its cells are striped. (C)It generally cannot be contracted at will. (D) It generally can be contracted at will. (E)Its cells are branched.

30. Which of the following organs belongs to both the lymphatic and endocrine systems? (A) Pancreas (B) Kidney (C)Thymus (D) Spleen (E)Thyroid gland

31. Which one of the following statements is NOT true? (A) Not every organism is able to exchange gas, nutrients, and waste with its environment directly. (B) Some small molecules can move between cells and their surroundings by diffusion. (C)Both arthropods and human beings have closed circulatory systems. (D) A circulatory system includes a circulatory fluid, a set of interconnecting vessels, and a muscular pump. (E)All of the above.