3. Many candidates resort to _________ tactics to cast a negative light on their rivals.
(A)stalled
(B) spinning
(C) manipulated
(D)smear

(A)stalled 停滯
(B) spinning 紡織
(C) manipulated 操縱
(D)smear 汙衊

(A) stall 貨攤/攤位/販賣處
(B) spinning 室內腳踏車
(C) manipulate 操縱/控制
(D) smear塗抹/誹謗/污衊 candidate 申請人/候選人 tactic 策略/手法 negative否定/拒絕/負面/消極 rival 競爭對手/敵手  

Stall v. 拖延；（使）（引擎）熄火

resort
 1. a place where many people go for rest, sport, or another stated purpose
渡假勝地；旅遊勝地

a tourist resort
旅遊勝地

a holiday resort
度假勝地

2. the fact that you have to do something because there is no other way of achieving something
訴諸；憑藉；採用

He got hold of the money legally, without resort to violence.
他沒有採取暴力手段，而是透過合法途徑拿到了這筆錢。


tactic
a planned way of doing something
策略，手法

These bomb attacks represent a change of tactics by the terrorists.
這些炸彈襲擊事件表明恐怖分子改變了策略。


in a bad light

He was concerned that the article had shown him in a bad light.
他擔心那齣電影醜化了他的形象。


(A) stalled
1. a large table or a small shop with an open front from which goods are sold in a public place
貨攤，攤位；販賣處

In the village market, the stalls are piled high with local vegetables.
村子市集的攤位上高高堆著當地産的蔬菜。

2. a small area of a room that is separated from the main part of the room by walls or curtains
（房間內的）小隔間

There was one bathroom with a shower stall in the corner.
有一個洗手間，角落裡有個淋浴的小隔間。

3. If an engine stalls, or if you stall it, it stops working suddenly and without you intending it to happen.
（使）（引擎）熄火

A car may stall due to the driver braking too suddenly.
司機踩刹車過猛可能會導致汽車熄火。

I stalled the car twice during my driving test but still managed to pass.
我在路考時兩次把車弄熄火，不過還是勉強通過了考試。

4. to delay taking action or avoid giving an answer in order to have more time to make a decision or get an advantage 拖延

She says she'll give me the money next week but I think she's just stalling (for time).
她說下週會把錢給我，但我認爲她只不過是在拖時間。

5. If you stall a person, you delay them or prevent them from doing something for a period of time.
拖住（某人）

I managed to stall him for a few days until I'd got enough money to pay back the loan.
我設法拖住了他幾天，直到我籌夠了還貸款的錢。

mainly US The thief broke into the office while his accomplice stalled off the security guard.
小偷趁同夥拖住警衛之際，闖進了辦公室。

6. If you stall an event, you delay it or prevent it from making progress.
延遲，暫緩；擱置

Commandos stalled the enemy attack by destroying three bridges.
突擊隊破壞了三座橋，拖延了敵人的進攻。

Fears are growing that a tax increase may stall economic recovery.
人們越來越擔心加稅可能會阻礙經濟復甦。

(C) manipulated
to control something or someone to your advantage, often unfairly or dishonestly
（常指以不正當手段）操縱，控制

Throughout her career she has very successfully manipulated the media.
她在整個職業生涯中非常成功地控制了媒體。

The opposition leader accused government ministers of manipulating the statistics to suit themselves.
反對派領導人指責政府部長篡改統計數據以滿足自身利益。

to control something using the hands
（用手）操縱，控制

The wheelchair is designed so that it is easy to manipulate.
輪椅設計得很容易用手控制。


(D) smear
to spread a liquid or a thick substance over a surface
塗抹（黏膩的東西）

The children had smeared peanut butter all over the sofa.
孩子們把花生醬抹得沙發上到處都是。

Can you explain why the front of your car is smeared with blood?
你能解釋一下爲甚麽你的汽車前部沾有血跡嗎？

to publicly accuse someone of something unpleasant, unreasonable, or unlikely to be true in order to harm their reputation
誹謗，污衊

She decided to sue for libel after the newspaper smeared her private life.
這家報紙對她的私生活造謠誣衊，她決定告以誹謗罪。

a dirty mark made by spreading a liquid or a thick substance over a surface
（將某種液體或稠厚物質塗在表面上形成的）汙點

You'd look very stylish if it wasn't for that smear of ketchup on your shirt.
如果不是裙子上那抹蕃茄醬的話，你看起來會很時髦。

an attempt to harm someone's reputation by publicly accusing them of something that is unpleasant, unreasonable, or unlikely to be true
誹謗，污蔑

The prime minister has dismissed the allegations as smears and innuendo.
首相把那些指控斥爲肆意誹謗和影射。

She claims she was the victim of a smear campaign (= repeated attempts to damage her reputation).
她聲稱自己是一系列抹黑行動的受害者。

Many candidates resort to _________ tactics to cast a negative light on their rivals.
許多候選人訴諸誹謗的手段來貶低他們的競爭對手。
resort to訴諸、採取
tactics 戰術、手段