4 對於朱先生危機評估，下列何項訊息符合在 DSM-5 有關未來的研究情況中對於自殺行為障 礙症（suicidal behavioral disorder）的診斷標準？
(A)朱先生在這一年內有自殺的意念
(B)朱先生在一年前曾有自我傷害的行為
(C)朱先生在五個月前曾有自殺的計畫
(D)朱先生在這一年內曾有自殺嘗試

Fehling, K. B., & Selby, E. A. (2021). Suicide in DSM-5: Current Evidence for the Proposed Suicide Behavior Disorder and Other Possible Improvements. Frontiers in psychiatry, 11, 499980. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.499980

As proposed currently, a diagnosis of SBD would require an individual to meet all five of five of the following diagnostic criteria:

• A. Within the last 24 months, the individual has made a suicide attempt.
• B. The act does not meet criteria for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI).
• C. The diagnosis is not applied to suicidal ideation or to preparatory acts.
• D. The act was not initiated during a state of delirium or confusion.
• E. The act was not undertaken solely for a political or religious objective.

The proposed diagnosis includes two specifiers: “current” (not more than 12 months since the most recent attempt) and “in early remission” (12–24 months since the most recent attempt). The criteria also explicitly define “suicide attempt” as “a self-initiated sequence of behaviors by an individual who, at the time of initiation, expected that the set of actions would lead to his or her own death” [(8), p. 801].