4 Concluding paragraphs bring the discussion to a close and share the writer’s _____ on the subject.
(A) main idea
(B) final thoughts
(C) close observations
(D) critical analysis

5. What can be inferred from this excerpt? (A) The author proposes that Japanese people should revert to surname first. (B) The author believes that the Westen way of writing Japanese names shows Westemers' ignorar ance of Japanese culture. (C) The author considers adopting Western cultural practices important for Japan to compete with the West. (D) The author attributes the recent "normalization" of Japanese names to the rise of Asian powers.

1 Diagramming is a method of sentence analysis that uses certain graphic _____ to show the relationship of sentence elements. (A) aggressions (B) complications (C) devices (D) heights

2 We talked _____ into midnight, by which time the other guests had already left. (A) until (B) beyond (C) above (D) well

3 I love scoring goals in hockey because it _____ gives me a sense of power. (A) momentarily (B) monstrously (C) modestly (D) moodily

5 His wife and ex-girlfriends all have advised him to quit smoking, _____ . He would never give up smoking even for the whole world. (A) all failing (B) without success (C) but in vain (D) and without result

6 (A) shatter (B) validate (C) represent (D) prejudge

7 (A) even if (B) from where (C) in which (D) since when

8 (A) make up to (B) live up to (C) be due to (D) be used to

9 (A) stand (B) prove (C) strike (D) plead

10 (A) Automatically (B) Consequently (C) Fortunately (D) Virtually