4. Buffers in the human body
(A) help to maintain a constant blood pH.
(B) help to keep the body temperature constant.
(C) help change the blood plasma pH when foods are eaten.
(D) precipitate proteins so enzymes are inactive.

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous equilibrium? (A) NH4NO3(s) N2O(g) + 2H2O(g) (B) H2(g) + I2(s) 2HI(g) (C) CaCl2(s) + 2H2O(g) CaCl2•2H2O(s) (D) 2N2O(g) + N2H4(g) 3N2(g) + 2H2O(g)

2. As water is heated, its pH decreases. This means that (A) the water is no longer neutral (B) [H+] > [OH-] (C) [OH-] > [H+] (D) none of these

3. Calculate the pH of a 10.0 M solution of HNO3. (A) 10 (B) 1.0 (C) 0 (D) –1.0

5. One milliliter (1.00 mL) of acid taken from a lead storage battery is pipetted into a flask. Water and phenolphthalein indicator are added, and the solution is titrated with 0.50 M NaOH until a pink color appears; 12.0 mL are required. The number of grams of H2SO4 (formula weight = 98) present in one liter of the battery acid is (to within 5%): (A) 240 (B) 290 (C) 480 (D) 580

6. Which of the following statements is (are) true? (A) Enthalpy is a state function. (B) In exothermic reactions, the reactants are lower in potential energy than the products. (C) A chemist takes the surroundings point of view when determining the sign for work or heat. (D) The heat of reaction and change in enthalpy can always be used interchangeably.

7. For which process is ΔS negative? (A) evaporation of 1 mol of CCl4(l) (B) mixing 5 mL ethanol with 25 mL water (C) compressing 1 mol Ne at constant temperature from 1.5 atm to 0.5 atm (D) raising the temperature of 100 g Cu from 275 K to 295 K

8. The reaction below occurs in basic solution. In the balanced equation, what is the sum of the coefficients? Zn + NO3– → Zn(OH)42– + NH3 (A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 19 (D) 23

9. The standard potential for the following reaction: Zn + 2Ag+ → Zn2+ + 2Ag is 1.56 V. Calculate the cell potential for the following reaction: 2Zn2+ + 4Ag → 2Zn + 4Ag+ (A) 1.56 V (B) -1.56 V (C) 3.12 V (D) -3.12 V

10. A sky diver jumps out of a plane. Before reaching terminal velocity, her (A) displacement remains constant. (B) acceleration increases. (C) acceleration remains constant. (D) acceleration decreases.

11. The motion of a ball of mass m dropped off a building is observed by a man at ground level and a woman at the top of the building. The man’s origin for measuring gravitational potential energy is at ground level and the woman’s origin for measuring gravitational potential energy is at the top of the building. The building’s height is h and air friction is neglected. What kinetic energy does the woman record after the ball has fallen a distance d? (A) mgh (B) –mgd (C) mgd (D) mg (h–d)

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