41. Which of the following statements is(are) true?
(A) The rate of dissolution of a solid in a liquid always increases with increasing temperature.
(B) The solubility of a solid in a liquid always increases with increasing temperature.
(C) According to Henry's law, the amount of gas dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid.
(D) Two of these statements are true.
(E) All of these statements are true.

1. Which of the following is *not* the correct chemical formula for the compound named? (A)\( Al(OH)_2 \) aluminum hydroxide (B) LiCN lithium cyanide (C) \( Fe_2O_3 \) Iron(III) oxide (D) ZnSe zinc selenide (E) \( Mg(C_2H_3O_2)_2 \) magnesium acetate

2. Which is the correct formula for gold(I) sulfide? (A) AuS (B) \( Au_2S \) (C) \( AuS_2 \) (D) \( Au_2S_3 \) (E) \( Au_2S_2 \)

3. When \( NH_3(aq) \) is added to \( Cu^{2+}(aq) \), a precipitate initially forms. What is its formula? (A) \( Cu(NH_3)_2 \) (B) \( Cu(NO_3)_2 \) (C) CuO (D) \( Cu(NH_3)_2^{2+} \) (E) \( Cu(OH)_2 \)

4. True or false? The equation \( 2C_2H_6 + 7O_2 \rightarrow 4CO_2 + 6H_2O \) is an oxidation-reduction reaction. (A) True; the oxygen is reduced and the hydrogen is oxidized. (B) True; the carbon is oxidized and the hydrogen is reduced. (C) True; the carbon is oxidized and the oxygen is reduced. (D) True; the carbon is reduced and the oxygen is oxidized. (E) False

5. Consider two samples of helium in separate containers of the same volume. Sample 1 has an absolute temperature four times that of Sample 2. Both samples are at the same pressure. Calculate the ratio \( n_1:n_2 \). (A) 1:1 (B) 1:2 (C) 2:1 (D) 1:4 (E) 4:1

6. Which of the following statements concerning equilibrium is *not* true? (A) A system that is disturbed from an equilibrium condition responds in such a way as to restore equilibrium. (B) A system moves spontaneously toward a state of equilibrium. (C) Equilibrium in molecular systems is dynamic, with two opposing processes balancing one another. (D) The value of the equilibrium constant for a given reaction mixture is the same regardless of the direction from which equilibrium is attained. (E) The equilibrium constant is independent of temperature.

7. For the reaction \( 2H_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2H_2O(g) \), what is the relationship between \( K \) and \( K_p \) at temperature \( T \)? (A) \( K = K_p \) (B) \( K = K_p(RT) \) (C) \( K_p = K(RT) \) (D) \( K = K_p(RT)^2 \) (E) \( K_p = K(RT)^2 \)

8. When the substances in the equation below are at equilibrium at pressure \( P \) and temperature \( T \), how can the equilibrium be shifted to favor the products? \( CuO(s) + H_2(g) \rightleftharpoons Cu(s) + H_2O(g) \) Change in enthalpy = −2.0 kJ. (A) Decrease the temperature. (B) Increase the temperature. (C) Add a catalyst. (D) Increase the pressure by adding an inert gas such as nitrogen. (E) Allow some gas to escape at constant pressure and temperature.

9. The acids \( HC_2H_3O_2 \) and HF are both weak, but HF is a stronger acid than \( HC_2H_3O_2 \). HCl is a strong acid. Order the following according to base strength. (A) \( C_2H_3O_2^- ＞ F^- ＞ Cl^- ＞ H_2O \) (B) \( Cl^- ＞ F^- ＞ C_2H_3O_2^- ＞ H_2O \) (C) \( C_2H_3O_2^- ＞ F^- ＞ H_2O ＞ Cl^- \) (D) \( F^- ＞ C_2H_3O_2^- ＞ H_2O ＞ Cl^- \) (E) none of these

10. HOAc \( K_a = 1.8 \times 10^{-5} \) \( H_2CO_3 \) \( K_{a1} = 4.3 \times 10^{-7} \), \( K_{a2} = 5.6 \times 10^{-11} \) Which of the following 0.01 M solutions has the highest pH? (A) HOAc (B) NaOAc (C) \( H_2CO_3 \) (D) \( Na_2CO_3 \) (E) \( NaHCO_3 \)

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