43.年齡大於75歲的老年人對降血壓藥品的反應,下列何組之藥品較佳?
(A)thiazides和CCBs
(B)CCBs和ACEIs
(C)ACEIs和β-blockers
(D)β-blockers和thiazides
統計: A(1694), B(463), C(552), D(292), E(0) #537434
詳解 (共 7 筆)
|
心臟衰竭: |
利尿劑+ACEI,可用低劑量CCB(高劑量反而惡化)不適用B-blocker |
|
心肌梗塞: |
B-blocker,不適用CCB |
|
糖尿病: |
RAAS系統,不適用b-blocker |
|
慢性腎衰竭: |
RAAS系統用藥 |
特殊族群!!
|
孕婦: |
不適用RAAS,首選為methyldopa |
|
黑人: |
不適用RAAS,首選CCB |
|
周邊動脈阻塞性疾病(PAOD): |
搭配阿斯匹靈 |
|
老人單一收縮性高血壓: |
利尿劑、CCB |
|
運動員: |
不適用B-blocker |
|
憂鬱症: |
不適用B-blocker、a2致效劑 |
|
前列腺肥大: |
使用a1-blocker |
交互作用!!
|
ACEI+利尿劑: |
首次劑量低血壓 |
|
B-blocker: |
會遮蔽低血糖症狀 |
心臟衰竭: | 利尿劑+ACEI,可用低劑量CCB(高劑量反而惡化)不適用B-blocker |
心肌梗塞: | B-blocker( 僅限Bisoprolol、Carvedilol、Metoprolol),不適用CCB |
糖尿病: | RAAS系統,不適用b-blocker |
慢性腎衰竭: | RAAS系統用藥 |
新增補充一下nn
特殊族群!!
孕婦: | 不適用RAAS,首選為methyldopa |
黑人: | 不適用RAAS,首選CCB |
周邊動脈阻塞性疾病(PAOD): | 搭配阿斯匹靈 |
老人單一收縮性高血壓: | 利尿劑、CCB |
運動員: | 不適用B-blocker |
憂鬱症: | 不適用B-blocker、a2致效劑 |
前列腺肥大: | 使用a1-blocker |
交互作用!!
ACEI+利尿劑: | 首次劑量低血壓 |
B-blocker: | 會遮蔽低血糖症狀 |
老人高血壓:CCB (LA-DHP), thiazide, ACEI/ARB
Among older hypertensive patients who require antihypertensive medication and who do not have an indication for a specific drug, we recommend initial monotherapy with a low-dose thiazide-type diuretic, a long-acting calcium channel blocker, or an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) (Grade 1B). A long-acting dihydropyridine or a thiazide diuretic is generally preferred because of increased blood pressure-lowering efficacy in this population. Among older adult patients in whom there is a reasonable likelihood of requiring a second drug (eg, systolic pressure more than 10/5 mmHg above goal), we suggest initial therapy with a long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (Grade 2C). This is because, if additional therapy is required, a long-acting ACE inhibitor/ARB can be added to achieve the desired combination regimen of a long-acting ACE inhibitor/ARB plus a long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker.
UpToDate Treatment of hypertension in older adults, particularly isolated systolic hypertension
老黑人:利尿劑+CCB效果好