44. Which statement accurately describes voltaic cells?

(I) Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode. 

( II ) Electrons flow form the more negatively charged electrode to the more positively charged electrode. (III) Electrons flow from higher potential energy to low potential energy.
(A) Only I
(B) Only I and II
(C) Only I and III
(D) Only II and III
(E) I, II and III

40. A solution is prepared by mixing 2.0 M H3A and 2.0 M NaH2A in the equal volume (H3A: pXa1 = 2.10, pXa2 = 7.20, pXa3 = 12.30). Which one is the closest to the pH value of this mixture? (A) 2.10 (B) 2.45 (C) 4.65 (D) 7.20 (E) 9.75

41. Please select the accurate statements regarding entropy. (I) After the mixing of two gases, AS is positive.(II) Entropy is a thermodynamic property associated with the level of disorder. (III) If the temperature of a gas decreases, AS is positive. (IV) Molecules in the gaseous state exhibit higher entropy compared to those in the liquid state. (A) Only I and III (B) Only I, II, III (C) Only I and II (D) Only I, II, IV (E) Only II and III

42. What is the pH of the 1.0 M Na2HAsO4 solution (H3ASO4: pXa1 = 2.24, pXa2 = 6.96, pXa3 = 11.50)? (A) 2.24 (B) 4.60 (C) 6.96 (D) 9.23 (E) 11.50

43. In the illustrated resonance form of ozone below, what is the formal charge on the central oxygen atom? (A)+2 (B)+1 (C)0 (D)-1(E)-2

45. Which solution has the highest pH? (A) 0.1 M KCN, Ka of HCN = 4.0 x I0-10 (B) 0.1 M NaHS, Kb of HS- = 1.8 x 10-7 (C) 0.1 M NaOAc, Ka of HOAc = 1.8✖10-5 (D) 0.1 M NaClO, Ka of HClO = 3.2 x 10-8 (E) 0.1 M NH4NO3, Kb of NH3 = 1.8 x I0-5

46. In a decomposition reaction where the half-life is independent of the initial concentration of the reactant, what is the order of the reaction? (A) Zero order (B) First order (C) Second order (D) Third order (E) The order cannot be determined without additional information

47. What is the molecular geometry of SeCl4? (A) Trigonal bipyramidal (B) Tetrahedral (C) Square pyramidal (D) Seesaw (E) Square planar.

48. What is the coordination number of an atom in the body-centered cubic unit cell, and how many atoms are present in the body-centered cubic unit cell? (A) 8, 2 (B) 8,4 (C) 12, 1 (D) 12, 2 (E) 12, 4

49. How many of the following species are paramagnetic? (A)1(B)2 (C)3 (D)4 (E)5

50. A 100.0 mL sample of an aqueous solution at 27°C contains 15.2 mg of an unknown nonelectrolyte compound. If the solution has an osmotic pressure of 7.60 torr, which one is the unknown compound? (A) C8H18N2O2 (B) C6H12O6 (C) C12H22O11 (D) C20H22O7 (E) C21H20O11