47 Which of the following is one of the causes of hikikomori mentioned in the passage?
(A) A tighter labor market.
(B) A poor family background.
(C) A failed relationship.
(D) A government policy.

As of 2015, there were 541,000 hikikomori aged 15-39 in Japan, according to government statistics. There is no data on other age groups, suggesting that the figure is likely to be far larger. Some families are also loath to report hikikomori in their households, Kingston said. Doctors began to observe hikikomori as a social phenomenon around the mid-1980s, when young men exhibited signs of lethargy, refused to communicate, and spent most of their time in their rooms. There’s no unifying reason why people become hikikomori. Some withdraw from society because they feel they don’t know what to do with their lives and can no longer cope with the pressure from people around them. Others are triggered by events in their lives, like bad grades or heartbreak. Hikikomori feel a deep sense of shame that they cannot work at a job like ordinary people. They think of themselves as worthless and unqualified for happiness. Almost all feel remorse at having betrayed their parents’ expectations.

根據政府統計，截至 2015 年，日本有 541,000 名年齡在 15 至 39 歲之間的蟄居族。目前還沒有其他年齡組的數據，這表明這個數字可能要大得多。金斯頓說，有些家庭也不願意舉報自己家中的蟄居現象。 1980 年代中期，醫生開始將「蟄居族」視為一種社會現象，當時年輕男性表現出嗜睡的跡象，拒絕交流，大部分時間都待在房間裡。人們之所以成為蟄居族，並沒有統一的原因。有些人退出社會，因為他們覺得自己不知道該如何度過自己的人生，也無法再面對周遭人的壓力。其他人則因生活中的事件而引發，例如成績不佳或心碎。蟄居族對於無法像普通人一樣工作感到深深的羞恥。他們認為自己毫無價值，沒有資格獲得幸福。幾乎所有人都因辜負了父母的期望而感到懊悔。

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47 Which of the following is one of the causes of hikikomori mentioned in the passage?

下列何者是文中提到的蟄居現象的原因之一？

(A) A tighter labor market. 勞動市場趨緊

(B) A poor family background. 家庭背景貧困

(D) A government policy. 政府政策