50. Choice a right equianalgesic factors compared to subcutaneous morphine.
(A) Morphine (oral) 0.50
(B) Codeine (oral) 0.20
(C) Alfentanil (subcutaneous) 1.0
(D) Oxycodone (parenteral) 5.0
(E) None of above is right.

46. Which statement regarding complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is True? (A) Causalgia, or burning pain, is now categorized as CRPS type I. (B) The term “reflex sympathetic dystrophy” (RSD), or CRPS type II, refers to a syndrome similar to causalgia but with a specific nerve lesion. (C) Etiology involves only peripheral over-reactions after nerve and/or soft tissue damage. (D) The signs and symptoms in CRPS are heterogeneous； which reflect underlying sensory, autonomic, and motor dysfunctions. (E) Sympathetic blockade is the gold standard of treatment.

47. When the administration of opioids failed to manage pain or the dose of opioids is noted to escalate, the following differential diagnosis should be considered, except: (A) Limited absorption of oral preparations—vomiting or gastric stasis. (B) Pain poorly responsive to opioids alone- such as Neuropathic pain (C) Pharmacological factors: Opioid-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia (D) Psychological factors: Distress, Anxiety or Depression (E) All of the above should be considered

48. Which statement about trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TAC) is wrong? (A) Oxygen inhalation is a safe and effective method for acute treatment of cluster headache (B) Midbrain and pontine activation play a pivotal role in either initiation or termination of the acute attack of migraine (C) The forehead, temporal, orbit and occiput are the most frequent sites of hemicrania continua. (D) Paroxysmal hemicrania responds in a dramatic and absolute fashion to indomethacin. (E) Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) syndrome is usually maximal in the ophthalmic distribution of trigeminal nerve.

49. As we know, bone scan is the most common diagnostic tool for bone metastasis. Which limitation is incorrect? (A) Bone scan is characterized by high sensitivity and high specificity (B) Any positive findings should be corresponded to painful sites with further evaluation of CT or plain radiographs(C) Bone scan doesn’t evaluate the structural integrity (D) Most common pattern of metastasis in bone scan is “hot spot” with radioisotope accumulation for new bone reaction (E) Some cancers may not show “hot spot” pattern, such as melanoma and multiple myeloma

1. 有關單缸往復式四行程引擎的敘述，下列何者正確？ (A) 此引擎型式只用在汽油引擎 (B) 曲軸旋轉二圈可完成一次動力行程 (C) 皆須藉由火星塞來點燃混合氣產生動力 (D) 活塞與汽缸壁之間的氣密性主要是透過增加活塞裙部的尺寸來維持

2. 後輪驅動車使用之線列式四缸四行程汽油引擎，若因引擎吸入水後使第 4 缸連桿變形，致使其上死點位置較其他缸低了3mm，對引擎可能造成的影響，下列敘述何者正確？ (A) 因上死點降低，所以第 4 缸壓縮比較其他缸大 (B) 因上死點降低，所以第 4 缸衝程較其他缸大 (C) 第 4 缸會增加燃燒室容積，提升引擎容積效率 (D) 第 4 缸下死點位置亦跟著降低3mm

3. 現今因為提倡節能的緣故，部分車廠使用 SAE 0W- 20 的機油來取代以往使用的SAE 10W- 40 機油，有關SAE 0W- 20機油的敘述，下列何者正確？ (A) 因為黏度較低，可減少引擎摩擦損失，提升燃油經濟性 (B) 為流動性較高的機油，可有效提高引擎指示馬力 (C) SAE 0W- 20中之20是指在低溫下的黏度號數 (D) 流動性較SAE 10W- 40機油差

4. 有關引擎水冷散熱系統中電動馬達風扇的敘述，甲：「電動馬達驅動式風扇，可以藉由 水溫感測器感知溫度，藉以控制風扇作動時機」；乙：「風扇葉片間保持不相同間隔， 主要為了降低其運轉噪音」，下列何者正確？ (A) 甲正確、乙正確 (B) 甲正確、乙錯誤 (C) 甲錯誤、乙正確 (D) 甲錯誤、乙錯誤

5. 為降低對石化燃料的依賴，某實驗室嘗試調配 97 % 的 95 無鉛汽油 () 及3% 酒精(C2H5OH)之燃料供實驗引擎使用。有關汽油中添加酒精造成的影響，下列敘述 何者錯誤？( 假設酒精與汽油密度相同，酒精的辛烷值為 108，汽油的熱值為 42.5 MJ/ kg， 酒精的熱值為27MJ/ kg) (A) 引擎低負載時，CO、HC的汙染排放會降低 (B) 混合氣的理論空燃比不會改變 (C) 燃料辛烷值會些微增加 (D) 燃料熱值會些微降低

6. 關於引擎各項性能的敘述，下列何者正確？ (A) 容積效率愈高，引擎扭力愈小 (B) 摩擦馬力會隨轉速升高而變小 (C) 制動馬力為指示馬力與摩擦馬力之和 (D) 壓縮比愈高，熱效率愈高，燃油消耗率愈低