54. Which of the following is NOT pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) product in oxidative nonreversible phase?
(A) Ribose-5-phosphate
(B) NADH
(C) NADPH
(D) CO₂

15. When a polymer of 18-residue forms an α-helix, how many repeats would you expect it to be? (A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 10

16. Which of the following molecules is an enzyme? (A) Fibrin (B) Albumin (C) Trypsin (D) Insulin

17. What type of inhibitor X is this Lineweaver–Burk plot shown? (A) Competitive inhibition (B) Uncompetitive inhibition (C) Noncompetitive inhibition (D) Irreversible inhibitors

18. Sarin is an extremely toxic synthetic organophosphorus compound. It is a potent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. What type of inhibitors does Sarin belong to? (A) Competitive inhibition (B) Uncompetitive inhibition (C) Noncompetitive inhibition (D) Irreversible inhibitors

19. Which following description of the “Michaelis-Menten equation” is correct? (A) (B) (C) High values of correspond to low enzyme affinity for substrate (D) High value of [S] correspond to high enzyme affinity for substrate

20. Which following enzyme reactions do NOT obey Michaelis–Menten kinetics? (A) Double-displacement reactions (B) Allosteric regulations (C) Sequential reactions (D) Ping-pong reactions

21. Which description is NOT correct? (A) Allosteric interactions in Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) are mediated by large changes in quaternary structure. (B) Chymotrypsinogen is activated by specific cleavage of a single peptide bond. (C) Blood clotting is accomplished by a series of zymogens activation. (D) Glycosylation is a highly effective means of regulating the activities of target proteins.

22. Which of the following characteristics describe glycoproteins? (A) Exclusively located at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. (B) Include the heparan sulfate family. (C) May contain N-linked glycosidic bonds. (D) Sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains can only be covalently linked to a Ser residue.

23. What is the major component of vascular plant cell walls? (A) Homopolysaccharide (B) Peptidoglycan (C) Cellulose (D) Glycosaminoglycans

24. Which of the following carbohydrate is heteropolysaccharides? (A) Starch (B) Peptidoglycan (C) Cellulose (D) Glycogen

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