申論題

2. Please translate the following brief excerpts, and reply to the questions below (25%):

 (A)
Dementia is among the most common burden of disability and dependency among the ever-growing size of the aging population in many countries. Approximately 10 million newly diagnosed cases of dementia are reported annually worldwide. Currently, there are roughly 50 million people with dementia around the globe. This disease is projected to become 82 million in 2030 and 152 million in 2050. Two-third of these people with dementia reside in the developing countries. The total number of people with dementia is found predominately in the elderly population. Dementia can interfere behaviors associated with daily living, and can also affect their carers and families. There are many lifestyle-related risk factors related to dementia, including physical inactivity, tobacco use, obesity, alcohol, diabetes mellitus and unbalanced diets. Among them, social isolation, low educational attainment, cognitive inactivity, and mid-life depression are potentially modifiable risk factors with origin rooted in their past experience and surroundings. The WHO Assembly endorsed a global action plan not only to 'lower the impact of dementia' and ' improve diagnosis, treatment and care,' but also to 'increase awareness of dementia,' support dementia carers,' and 'enhance health information systems for dementia.' (Modified from the topic of dementia from the WHO website)