【申論題】
1. What will be the output of the following code?

2. Assume that there is a four-frame physical memory in the system. Initially, all frames are empty. Given the reference string: ACDFCBCADAFBAC, how many page faults generated by the LRU page replacement scheme? Show your work.

3. Hamming code is a technique used to detect and correct errors in data transmission. It achieves this by adding specific check bits to the data bits. It enhances the reliability and stability of systems. After encoding with Hamming code, the value is 1101110101. Which bit is INCORRECT, and what is the CORRECT value?

4.The results of a hypothetical study to measure test performance of the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test for Covid-19 are shown in the following table.Calculate the (A) accuracy, (B) precision (positive predictive rate, PPV), (C) recall (sensitivity, true positive rate, TPR), (D) true negative rate (TNR) and (E) F1-measure. Note: Show the result by rounding up the 3rd digit after the decimal point, e.g. 0.9876 should be 0.988.

4. Consider a weighted graph (the edges show the costs) as follows. Please use the Kruskal Algorithm to get the corresponding minimum (cost) spanning tree. Not only the result but also the whole procedure steps should be presented in your answer.

3. Consider the following processes. Please draw the schedules (Gantt Chart) and calculate the average waiting time for the Preemptive Shortest Job First, and Round Robin (time-quantum = 4 ms) scheduling policies, respectively.

2. Alice writes the following code and expects that the process prints “Hello Kitty” four times. However, the process prints “Hello Kitty” three times only! Please describe the reason why Alice’s code prints “Hello Kitty” three times instead of four.

1. Please explain the five states that a process may be in.

4. What will be shown on the screen after running the following program? (10%)

(5) What is the F1 score? (2%)

(4) What is the Specificity? (2%)

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