三、操舵時，發現舵葉的轉動滯後於操舵動作，這時可能是什麼現象發生？請就這些現 象分析其個別原因。（20 分）

一、海面因為某種原因浮現大量 C 油，欲將此油緊急抽上船舶，應選用何種泵較為恰當？ 並請說明此種泵的工作原理。（20 分）

二、船舶冷凍裝置在日常運轉中的檢查時，經驗上可分成看、聽與摸，請就此論述之。 （20 分）

四、錨機和絞纜機常組成一聯動機組，它們工作時須具備那些要求？（20 分）

五、請將下列句子翻譯成中文。（20 分） International Maritime Organization（IMO）has taken the active interest in ship discharges that contaminate the ocean environment. The international convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, which is known as the MARPOL 73/78 protocol, prohibits the discharge of various pollutants from marine vessels except under specific conditions. The most notable potential sources of pollution are the cargo-oil piping and ballast system on crude-oil tankers. The other sources of pollution such as the bilge systems, sewage system and the gas emissions from engines and boilers also require a rigorous analysis and the careful controls in order to comply with the international regulations. Furthermore, in order to prevent the marine growth in seawater system, these systems are often fitted with connections for the continuous injection of chemical poisons. This could also affect the marine environment even if its impact is almost negligible.

五、請將下列英文翻譯成中文。 （20 分）The Port State Control Officer (PSCO) ensures compliance with Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 by assessing oil residues, sludge and bilge water holding tanks, and the efficiency of the oily water separator. The PSCO reviews the Oil Record Book to verify proper disposal and usage of reception facilities, noting any inadequacies. Ships must maintain improved sludge systems to store and dispose of oil residues in line with international standards. The PSCO checks the effectiveness of onboard oil filtering systems and related equipment for compliance. The inspection now includes automated monitoring systems to track oil discharges and sludge processing in real time. By enforcing these regulations, authorities aim to protect marine ecosystems and promote sustainable maritime operations.

四、以主機缸套冷卻水作為加熱海水淡化裝置的工作流體，請詳述在啟動和停用時，主機工作系統應特別注意那些問題？（20 分）

三、請詳述造成空氣壓縮機（Air Compressor）的出口排氣溫度過高的原因為 何？（20 分）

二、船用泵（Pump）是屬於流體機械（Fluid Machinery）的一種，其中離心泵 （Centrifugal Pump）廣泛使用於輪船機艙中，請以流量（Flow Rate）與揚程（Head）試述離心泵的結構種類和適用的工作場域。（20 分）

一、伯努利方程式（Bernoulli’s Equation, BE）與雷諾數（Reynolds Number, Re） 為兩個應用流體力學的重要內容，請分別詳述 Re 所代表的物理意義和 BE 的基本原理並分析討論其流體流動時兩者之間的關聯性。 （20 分）

五、請將下列專業英文翻譯成中文。（20 分）Controllable pitch propellers are normally fitted to a flanged tail shaft as the operating mechanism is housed in the propeller boss. As its name implies, it is possible to alter the pitch of this type of propeller to change ship speed or to adjust to the prevailing resistance conditions. This change in pitch is effected by rotating the blades about their vertical axes, either by hydraulic or mechanical means. A shaft generator can be driven at constant speed while allowing at the same time a change of ship’s speed through the propeller. Since it is normally possible to reverse the pitch completely, this type of propeller is used with a unidirectional engine to give full ahead or astern thrust, when maneuvering.

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