四、短文寫作（30 分） William James says in his writing that “the greatest discovery of my generation is that a human being can alter his life by altering his attitudes of mind.” Please use no more than 200 words to write a well-organized essay to respond to this statement.

三、閱讀摘要（30 分） Read the following article and use your own words to summarize the main points in English in about 120 words. Do NOT copy sentences from the essay. In 1971 the federal government of Canada adopted an official policy of multiculturalism within a bilingual national framework. Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau defined this new reality when he declared Canada to be a nation "with two official languages but no official culture." Canadian immigration policies, once notoriously discriminatory against visible minority applicants, have over the past two decades been instrumental in promoting multiculturalism through accommodating a much more diverse and rich mix of immigrants. The goal of multiculturalism is to provide an environment wherein all cultures can achieve an equal acceptance and value, and all Canadians share equally the political, social, and economic rewards of our free society. Institutions are often held to blame for harbouring, or even worse, promoting ethnic and cultural disharmony. It is undeniable that the leadership and much of the followership in our public and government institutions remains overwhelmingly male, white, and English speaking. This group, which leads the political, social, and cultural life of Canada, is referred to as the “dominant culture” although in sheer numbers at least, it is no longer the majority culture. Institutions, consequently, are often criticized as being unrepresentative of minorities and insensitive to their needs and aspirations.

四、短文寫作（30 分） William James says in his writing that “the greatest discovery of my generation is that a human being can alter his life by altering his attitudes of mind.” Please use no more than 200 words to write a well-organized essay to respond to this statement.

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