申論題

四、請以中文先摘述說明下文的大意，並加以申述評析之。
         Strategy is a new unit of analysis for evaluation. The Encyclopedia of Evaluation (Mathison, 2005) has an entry on “strategic planning” but nothing on strategy as an evaluand or on evaluating strategy. Traditionally, evaluation has focused on projects and programs. Organizational development makes the organization the unit of analysis for assessing organizational effectiveness, usually focused on mission fulfillment. Management, in contrast, often focuses on strategy as the defining determinant of effectiveness. The language of strategy permeates senior management initiatives in government, philanthropy, the private sector, and the not-for-profit world. Being sensitive and responsive to primary intended users of evaluation has become a hallmark of effective and useful practice. In that sense, being sensitive and responsive to the language and concepts used by primary intended users is a strategy for enhancing the relevance and utility of evaluations. We came to focus on the question of what it means to evaluate strategy, because we observed that our senior management clients in all sectors were talking not about theories of change or logic models, but about being strategic: Strategic thinking. Strategic planning. Strategic results. Being strategic. Strategy execution. Adapting strategically. And, yes, evaluating strategy. In this regard, we are working in the tradition of that eminent evaluation pioneer, Sir Winston Churchill (1874–1965), who is reputed to have observed:“However beautiful the strategy, you should occasionally look at the results.”