申論題

3. β-oxidation: (1) Please plot the 4 steps of β -oxidation reaction and label the enzyme and the involved energy molecules of each step (10%). (2) Please determine the number of ATP equivalents if we complete β -oxidation of a palmitic acid (C18:0) to CO₂ and H₂O. By the calculation, how many kJ can be generated by 1g palmitic acid if the molecular weight of B-linolenic acid is 256 Da? (Assume for the calculation that NADPH is worth 3.5 ATPs, NADH is 2.5 ATPs, FADH₂ is 1.5 ATPs and one Acetyl- CoA produces 10 ATPs and the bydrolytic energy of ATP is 31 kJ/mol) (10%).