申論題

Short Answer (2 points each； 10 points in total) 簡答題每題兩分,共十分.
Read the article and answer the questions that follow.

The Battle of Chancellorsville, fought from April 30 to May 6, 1863, is widely con Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's greatest victory during the American Civil War. Facing an enemy force nearly twice the size of his own, Lee daringly split his troops in two,confronting and surnising Union Gen. Joseph Hooker. Though Hooker still held numerical superiority, he did not press this advantage,instead falling back to defensive positions. When Lee once again spilt his forces and attacked, Hooker was forced to retreat across the Rappahannock River. Lee's victory came at a high cost, however. Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson, one of his most trusted generals, was mortally wounded by friendly fre during the battle.

Fought in the Wilderness region of Virginia, Chancellorsville was General Robert E. Lee's greatest defensive victory, an outstanding example of command partnership and taking the advantage of the misuse of strategic initiative. On April 30, Lee (whose 60,000 men occupied the Fredericksburg heights) found 80,000 enemy troops behind him, thanks to a briliantly executed march and river crossing by Union major general Joseph Hooker, who proclaimed Lee could either "ingloriously fly" or give "battle on our ground." Unnerved by sharp counterattacks delivereded by the outmumbered Confederate rear guard, Hooker squandered his advantage by halting to erect defenses near the Chancellor farm. Lee arrived on May 1, and together with his able subordinate Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson, planned his own flank movement.

Early on May 2, Jackson and 30,000 men followed a circuitous route that brought them against Hooker's weak right flank. Jackson's attack, begun in late aftermoon, was a briliant tactical success destroyed half of Hooker's line; only nightfall prevented a complete victory. Jackson, scouting in the dark, was mortally wounded by his own pickets. The most intense combat of the battle took place on May 3, with Hooker now defending against Lee's attack. In masterful crisis management, Lee simultaneously pamied a thrust against his rear by the 27,000 troops Hooker had left behind. On May 6, Hooker recrossed the Rappahannock, having lost 17,278 casualties to Lee's 12,826, including the irreplaceable sed the strategic initiative, which in a few weeks would lead him north to Gettysburg.

Source:http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-chancellors

46. Where did the Battle of Chancellorsville take place?