7. Why does a drug that has a high extraction ratio (e.g., propranolol) demonstrate greater differences between individuals after oral administration than afier intravenous administration? (5 points)

(1)wSigma-Minusmethod作圖时的y軸、斜率和截距(5分)

(2)以 Excretion Rate Method 作圖時的y軸、斜率和距·(5分)

(1)VD的定義及代表的意義。(5分)

(2)寫出VD與蛋白结合之關係式子(所有參數及符號須清楚標註其名稱)(5分)

(3)延續(2)，寫出上述關係式子之推導步驟。(5分)

(1)寫出藥品的四大分類(8分)

(2)對各類藥品的體內吸收分別提出改善方法(8分)

(1)若採用人體血液及尿液檢品,寫出最常被用於評估的藥動參數各2個。(4分)

(2)一般被用於評估生體相等性的2種统計方法及判定原則。(5分)

5. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant agent with low extraction ratio and nonlinear pharmacokinetic properties. Phenytoin is mainly metabolized by CYP2C9 and partly by CYP2C 19. Phenytoin is also known to be a substrate of P-glycoprotein. Following an oral administration, picase describe how genetic polymorphism may influence the pharmacokinetic properties (in terms of clearance, AUC, and brain distribution) of phenytoin and clinical outcome of epileptic treatment. (20 points; 5 points each)

110年 - 110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_藥學研究所、臨床藥學研究所:生物藥劑學#100395