C. Composition:(25 points) Please write a short essay explaining whether studying history can (or cannot) help us understand the present.

Question 1: What is Bossler's response to the hypothesis posted by Hymes and Hartwell?

Question 2: What is the major point Hymes made in his revisions on his and Hartwell's original idea of "localist shift"?

B. Translation: (30 points) Please translation the following passage by Xiaoqiao Ling (Feeling the Past in Seventeenth-Century China, pp.1-2) into Chinese. "This book studies the immediate responses of literary men to the Manchu conquest of China (1640s-1680s), as well as their later contemplations of that era through the act of writing. The Manchu conquest created an unprecedented rupture in Chinese cultural life, marked particularly by the Qing court's implementation of a haircutting policy(tifa ling薙髮令)that mandated that non-clerical male subjects shave their foreheads and plait their hair according to the Manchu custom.? Many scholar officials (shi 士), especially those in the Jiangnan area who thought they resided at the very center of cultural refinement, found themselves adrift when they saw the socio-political order crumbling, leading to the loss of 'This Culture of Ours' (siwen 斯文).”

IV. English Essay Writing: Essay Topic: The Rise of Corruption and Fraud in Taiwan: A Reflection on Modern Society Instruction: In recent years, there has been a marked increase in news reports detailing the involvement of legal professionals in fraud rings (詐騙集團) and prominent politicians embroiled in corruption scandals. Why have such cases become so prevalent in Taiwan today? Is this surge a consequence of contemporary capitalism, which exacerbates economic anxieties and imposes an urgent sense of scarcity on those struggling to make ends meet? Or are we witnessing a decline in the influence of traditional moral values on personal and professional conduct? If you were the leader of Taiwan, what measures would you implement to address and rectify this troubling societal trend? In your essay, critically examine the factors contributing to the apparent rise in corruption and fraud in Taiwan. Explore the role of modern capitalism and consumer culture in fostering these issues, as well as the potential erosion of traditional ethics and values. Reflect on whether these incidents are genuinely increasing or if heightened media coverage has simply made us more aware of them. You are encouraged to draw on your own observations and insights regarding recent societal shifts in Taiwan and to discuss the broader implications for Taiwan's future. Guidelines: Your essay should be approximately 400-600 words in length. It will be evaluated based on grammar, fluency, organization, relevant examples, and critical thinking.

IV. Essay. (30%)Some scientists have contended that we should NOT explore the possibility of contacting intelligent life forms on other planets. Write an approximately 300-word essay divided into two paragraphs. In the first paragraph, discuss the possible reasons why they advocate for this position. In the second paragraph, state whether you agree with this position and provide your reasoning.

V. Translation: Translate into English the two underlined sentences in the passage below. Use only one single English sentence for each translation, and the translated sentences must match the context of the original passage. Write your translations on the answer sheet.將下列短文中畫線 的兩個句子譯成英文。每個翻譯僅能使用一個英文單句,且譯句必須與原始段落的上下文契 合。(翻譯20分,每句10分。)【本大題於答案卷作答]Mother Nature is both kind and fierce. (1)她給了我們美麗的風景、新鮮的空氣和其他許多我們賴以 生存的資源,但她也能帶來強大的風暴、乾旱和自然災害,提醒我們她的力量。 It's important to recognize how lucky we are to receive so many gifts from the Earth, as they are not always guaranteed. V We need to appreciate these blessings and take great care of our planet in return. (2)這意味著我們必須透過 明智地利用資源,減少浪費,確保所有物種及其棲息地的安全,不遺餘力地來保護環境。 Sustainable practices, like recycling, conserving water, and supporting clean energy, help preserve the Earth's beauty for years to come. By protecting the environment today, we ensure that future generations can also experience the wonders of nature. This way, we can live in harmony with Mother Nature, maintaining a balance that benefits everyone.

IV. 摘要寫作 (20%)下列信函 (詳見下頁) 為1975年美國參議員 Adlai (E) Stevenson 寫給美國住宅與城市發展部 (縮寫為 HU(D)部長 Carla A. Hills 的一封法規修正要求函。請 (a) 以英文 (b) 在一個段落以內、(c) 以不超過 100 個英文字摘要該信函主要內容。除專用語外，抄襲該函用字比例超過一半以上，本題不予計分，其餘按比例酌予扣分。[本大題請於答案卷作答]                                                            U.S. Senate                                    Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs                                                       Washington, D.C.                                                                            May 24, 1975 Hon. Carla A. Hills U.S. Department of Housing and Urban DevelopmentWashington, D.C. Dear Secretary Hills, I'm writing to request correction of a serious deficiency and apparent illegality in HUD's implementation of section 518(b) of the National Housing Act. Section 518(b) provides for the correction of serious defects in existing homes insured under sections 203 and 221 of the National Housing Act.As you know, when section 518 was amended last year to expand its coverage, it was also amended to limit its geographic scope to homes located in an "older declining urban area" in order to concentrate resources where the need is greatest. Yet HUD has arbitrarily defined an older declining urban area as a census tract within an SMSE [Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area] or a neighborhood within a community with a population of 25,000 or more "which is comprised predominantly (50% or more) of dwellings built prior to 1940." Such a test, based as it is solely on the age of the housing stock, without any foundation in the law, is contrary to legislative history and public policy, and has the effect of excluding home owners who were intended to be covered by the law. While the phrase "older declining urban area" is not defined for purposes of section 518, its origin is an identical phrase in section 223 (e) of the National Housing Act. Section 223 (e) was enacted in 1968 in order to provide mortgage insurance for reasonably viable but marginal areas in the inner city in order to prevent and arrest the process of decay. But under HUD's own regulations, the availability of mortgage under section 223 (e) is not governed by whether 50% or more of the housing in the area was built prior to 1940. Indeed such a rigid and arbitrary standard would have been contrary to the purpose of the law and would have seriously impaired the program. Instead, section 223 (e) is intended to be used flexibly in order [to] make mortgage insurance available in areas which might not otherwise satisfy eligibility standards regardless the age composition of the housing stock.It is, accordingly, manifestly improper to apply a different standard for purposes of section 518(b). I, therefore, strongly urge a revision of applicable HUD regulations and a concerted effort on HUD's part to fulfill the purposes of the law. Sincerely, Adlai E. Stevenson

2. state your own opinion on the topic, using the information from the two figures.

 1. summarize the main points shown in the two figures;

Part IV. Translation-20% Please translate the followings from Chinese to English and English to ChineseA.There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you.B. 人工智慧這樣的科技對人類可能有正面與負面的衝擊。

114年 - 114 中國醫藥大學_學士班寒假轉學考試試題：英文#136718

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立中正大學_碩士班招生考試試題：英文#135938

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立政治大學_碩士班暨碩士在職專班招生考試試題：英文B#135937

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立政治大學_碩士班暨碩士在職專班_招生考試試題：英文(A)#135884

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立成功大學_碩士班招生考試試題：英文(B)#135866

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立成功大學_碩士班招生考試試題：英文(A)#135852

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立臺灣師範大學_碩士班招生考試試題：英文#135851

114年 - [無官方正解]114 亞洲大學_學士後獸醫學系招生試題：英文#131171

114年 - 114 高雄醫學大學_學生轉系考試﹕英文#128990

114年 - 114 台灣聯合大學系統_學士班轉學生聯合招生考試試題：英文#128852