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科學家篩到了兩個突變株(甲和乙),其果實皆較野生型小。下列有關證實甲和乙突變為同一基因 的敘述,何者正確? (A)若甲和乙皆為隱性同型合子,進行互交,得子代果實較甲乙小,則可證實 (B)若甲和乙皆為顯性同型合子,進行互交,得子代果實較甲乙小,則可證實 (C)若甲和乙皆為顯性異型合子,進行互交,得子代為同樣小果,則可證實 (D)若甲和乙皆為顯性同型合子,進行互交,得子代為同樣小果,則可證實 (E)若甲和乙皆為隱性同型合子,進行互交,得子代為同樣小果,則可證實

複選題18. Refer to the simplified diagram of the nitrogen cycle shown in the figure. Which of the following statements are correct? (A) 乙 is called denitrification. (B) The roles that can represent producers in the diagram are 甲, 丁, and 戊. (C) 甲 is called ammonification. (D) 丁 is called nitrification. (E) The role played by consumers in an ecosystem is the same as that of organism A in the diagram.

複選題17. Plant hormones (phytohormones) trigger significant physiological changes at extremely low concentrations. Their mechanism of action typically involves the binding of hormone molecules to specific receptors, which activates internal signal transduction pathways to regulate gene expression or enzymatic activity. Based on current understanding of plant hormone signaling, which of the following statements are correct? (A) Each hormone triggers a single, specific physiological response that remains consistent across all tissues and plant species. (B) The same hormone can produce different physiological outcomes depending on the tissue type, developmental stage, and receptor/signaling context. (C) Hormone action is strictly independent of dosage; the physiological outcome is determined only by the presence or absence of the signal. (D) Physiological outcomes are often the result of complex interactions—such as synergy or antagonism—between multiple hormone classes rather than a single isolated signal. (E) Plant hormones act only locally at the site of synthesis and are incapable of functioning as long-distance systemic signals through vascular tissues.

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6. 本校新設立「生物醫學實驗班」,於創立初期需規劃具特色之專業課程,以培養學生對生物醫學 領域之基礎認識與探究能力。請設計一套為期五週之特色課程(每週 2 節課)。課程設計內容包 含下列要素: A.課程主題與教學目標 B.每週教學內容與活動安排 C.教學方法(如探究式學習、實作、專題研究等) D.評量方式或學習成果呈現形式 此外,課程內容可視需要結合在地資源,包含新竹地區之學術機構、醫療單位、科學園區或相 關產業等,以展現課程特色與實務連結。(8 分)

(2)請針對此文章以中文命出選擇題,此題須包含五個選項,並附上解答。(4 分) Arthritis is a leading cause of disability, affecting 53 million Americans. While Osteoarthritis was traditionally viewed as simple "wear and tear," recent research reveals it shares a pro-inflammatory autoimmune component with Rheumatoid Arthritis. In both conditions, the body’s immune system mistakenly identifies collagen—the protein that cushions joints—as a foreign invader. This triggers "killer" T-cells to bombard cartilage with toxic chemicals, causing erosion, pain, and stiffness. The Solution: Undenatured Type II Collagen (UC-II® ) Unlike typical drug treatments that mask symptoms, UC-II® addresses this underlying immune error. Studies show that a small daily dose (10-40 mg) can significantly reduce pain, stiffness, and swelling in both arthritic patients and healthy adults experiencing exercise-induced pain. Mechanism of Action: Oral Tolerance The efficacy of UC-II® relies on a specific biological process called Oral Tolerance. This is the desensitization of the immune response through the digestive tract. 1. Gut Recognition: When UC-II® is ingested, it interacts with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the intestinal tract. 2. Immune Training: The GALT "presents" the collagen fragments to the immune system. Because the collagen is introduced through the gut (as food), the immune system learns to recognize it as a harmless substance rather than an invader. 3. Stopping the Attack: This process effectively retrains the immune system. It suppresses the production of killer T-cells that were previously attacking the body's own joint cartilage. This mechanism explains why oral ingestion works: in animal studies, while injecting collagen induces arthritis, feeding small amounts of collagen prevents it. By restoring the immune system's tolerance to collagen, UC-II® halts the inflammatory cycle caused when the protective barrier between blood and cartilage diminishes with age.

(1)請用中文寫出本文章的重點摘要。(4 分)

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2 若有人因車禍腹部撕裂傷,部分腸子露至體外,下列措施何者正確? (A)將腸子輕輕推回 (B)維持身體成一直線 (C)採平躺姿勢不要移動腸子 (D)以生理食鹽水紗布覆蓋腸子

24.依據1982年聯合國海洋法公約(下稱本公約)第83條規定,海岸相向或相鄰國家間,關於大陸礁層劃界之敘述,下列何者錯誤?(A)本公約指出「應在國際法院規約第三十八條所指國際法之基礎上以協議劃定」,可知可用習慣國際法做為基礎(B)有關國家如果在合理期間內未能達成任何協議,得訴諸第十五部份所規定之程序(C)在達成第一款規定之協議以前,有關各國應基於諒解與合作之精神,盡一切努力作出實際性之臨時安排(D)如果有關國家間存在現行有效之協定,關於劃定大陸礁層界限之問題,應按照該協定之規定加以決定。

32.下圖雞心臟肉眼與組織病變,最可能的診斷為: (A)salmonellosis (B)toxoplasmosis (C)chlamydiosis (D)leucocytozoonosis

17 以社會階級為基礎,一群處於劣勢地位者需要被組織起來或與他人聯合,針對某一議題運用集體抗爭或衝 突,傾向改變既有的制度與政策,其目的在於權力與資源再分配。這個敘述是屬於下列何種社區工作模 式? (A)區域發展模式 (B)社區計畫模式 (C)過程取向模式 (D)社會行動模式

18 有關社區培力(充權)的實務特性,下列何者錯誤? (A)屬於一個非連續的過程 (B)重視反思,進而在行動與反思中發生正向改變 (C)經由對話而意識覺醒 (D)是一種提供反壓迫的綜合性方法

69.就穿透深度來說,下列各種治療機由高至低的排列順序,何者正確? (A)supervoltage>megavoltage>orthovoltage>superficial (B)megavoltage>supervoltage>superficial>orthovoltage (C)megavoltage>supervoltage>orthovoltage>superficial (D)orthovoltage>supervoltage>superficial>megavoltage 131