35.The word “it” in line 12 refers to
(A) development
(B) goose
(C) time
(D) object

31.What was Darwin’s contribution to ethology? (A) Darwin improved on the original principles of ethology. (B) Darwin was the professor who taught Lorenz and Tinbergen. (C) Darwin’s work provided the basis for ethology. (D) Darwin was the first person to apply ethological theory to children.

32.The word “diverse” in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) small (B) varied (C) wild (D) particular

33.The word “ensures” in line 8 is closest in meaning to (A) guarantees (B) proves (C) teaches (D) assumes

34. According to the passage, if a mother goose is not present during the time period when imprinting takes place, which of the following will most likely occur? (A) The gosling will not imprint on any object. (B) The gosling may not find a mate when it matures. (C) The mother will later imprint on the gosling. (D) The gosling may imprint on another object.

36.The word “suitably” in line 15 is closest in meaning to (A) willingly (B) moderately (C) appropriately (D) emotionally

37.The author mentions all of the following as attachment behaviors of human infants EXCEPT (A) grasping (B) crying (C) eating (D) smiling

38.According to the passage, attachment behaviors of infants are intended to (A) get the physical, emotional and social needs of the infant met (B) allow the infant to become imprinted on objects that resemble the parent (C) provide the infant with a means of self-stimulation (D) prepare the infant to cope with separation

39.The phrase “affectional tie” in line 29 is closest in meaning to (A) cognitive development (B) emotional attachment (C) psychological need (D) behavioral change

40. It can be inferred from the passage that ethological theory assumes that (A) to learn about human behavior only human subjects should be studied (B) failure to imprint has no influence on inteligence (C) the notion of critical periods applies only to animals (D) there are similarities between animal and human behavior

41.Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss? (A) How patterns in rock layers have been used to construct theories about the climate of the Proterozoic age (B) What some rare fossils indicate about glacial conditions during the late Proterozoic age (C) The varying characteristics of Proterozoic glacial varves in different parts of the world (D) The number of glacial episodes that the Earth has experienced since the Proterozoic age