43 Which problem below did NOT exist in early capitalist countries?
(A) Industrial injuries.
(B) Low wages for workers.
(C) Environmental pollution.
(D) Strict government restrictions.

哪些問題，下面不存在於早期資本主義國家嗎？

(A)工業傷害。

(B)為工人的低工資。

(C)環境的污染。

(D)政府的嚴格限制。

In early capitalist countries, the government had little control over private business affairs. This led to problems regarding workplace safety, worker pay, and the environment. 在早期資本主義國家，政府對私人商業事務幾乎無法控制。這導致了關於工作場所安全，工人的工資，和環境的問題。

When we discuss contrasting economic systems and principles, we often compare socialism with capitalism. 

In a capitalistic economy, most businesses are privately owned. 

Both owners and workers are motivated by profit. 

In early capitalist countries, the government had little control over private business affairs. 

This led to problems regarding workplace safety, worker pay, and the environment. 

In modern capitalist countries, government regulations put many restrictions限制 on business owners. 

Capitalist economies have traditionally created major class divisions分配 between the rich and the poor. 

Socialism aims to eliminate消除 these divisions, although no socialist state has been entirely successful in reaching this goal. 

In a socialist economy, ownership of capital and distribution of wealth are managed by a centralized government. 

This is a difficult task because of the sheer完全的 amount of work involved in managing an entire economic machine. 

If a government can provide each citizen with basic necessities, it has achieved its most fundamental基礎 task.