45 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
(A) Early capitalist governments care most about social justice and people’s welfare.
(B) No business in the socialist country is managed by the government.
(C) Making money is the driving force of capitalist employers and employees.
(D) Most socialist countries have eliminated the class divisions in society.

根據短文，下面的敘述哪個是真的？

(A)早期資本主義政府最關心的社會正義和人民的福利。

(B)沒有在社會主義國家的業務是由政府管理。

(C)賺錢是資本主義的雇主和僱員的原動力。

(D)大多數社會主義國家消滅社會的階級分化。

When we discuss contrasting差異；對照，對比 economic systems and principles, we often compare socialism with capitalism.

In a capitalistic economy, most businesses are privately owned私營. Both owners and workers are motivated by profit. In early capitalist countries, the government had little control over控制,支配 private business affairs. This led to problems regarding關於；至於 workplace safety, worker pay, and the environment. In modern capitalist countries, government regulations put many restrictions受（尤指官方）限制的，受約束 on business owners. Capitalist economies have traditionally created major class divisions分配 between the rich and the poor.

Socialism aims to eliminate these divisions分配, although no socialist state has been entirely successful in reaching this goal. In a socialist economy, ownership of capital and distribution分發，散發；分配 of wealth are managed by a centralized集中 government. This is a difficult task because of the sheer完全的，徹底的 amount of work involved in managing an entire economic machine. If a government can provide each citizen with basic necessities, it has achieved its most fundamental基礎的，基本 task.