主題:grapheme, euphemism, pronunciation, historical linguistics,trangress
(A) A grapheme (from the Greek: γράφω, gráphō, \"write\") is a fundamental unit in a written language. For example, the word ship contains four graphemes (s, h, i, and p) but only three phonemes, for sh is a digraph (B)Euphemism is a substitution for an expression that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the receiver, using instead an agreeable or less offensive expression,[1] or to make it less troublesome for the speaker. (C)A pronunciation, word form, or grammatical construction produced by mistaken analogy with standard usage out of a desire to be correct. Perhaps the most common example of hypercorrectness is the use of I for me in a compound subject: between you and I. (D)In historical linguistics, lexical diffusion is both a phenomenon and a theory. The phenomenon is that by which a phoneme is modified in a subset of the lexicon, and spreads gradually to other lexical items. For example, in English, /uː/ has changed to /ʊ/ in good and hood but not in food; some dialects have it in hoof and roof but others do not; transgress v. 違背( 法律) 【反】obey ( v.服從) 類比: rectitude:transgress=keen:obtuse正直的不會犯罪=睿智的不會愚鈍 trespass:boundary=transgress:rule侵入邊界=違犯規則
關鍵字:
euphemism、
graphemes 、
historical linguistics、
compound subject、
euphemism、
grapheme、
historical linguistics、
hypercorrectness、
pronunciation、
trangress