110年 - 110 國立清華大學_碩士班考試入學試題_語言學研究所：語言學概論#123555

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆語言學概論 | 年份：110年 | 選擇題數：0 | 申論題數：10

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所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆語言學概論

選擇題 (0)

申論題 (10)

(1) First, provide a list of all the CH morphemes in the dataset and the English equivalent of each. There are 9 distinct morphemes in this dataset. Write them in the table.
(2) In CH, how would one say "He already sang this morning"?
(1) Do [i] vs. [i'] and [u] vs. [y] occur in an overlapping distribution or a complementary distribution? Please provide your evidence. (10%)
(2) Do the two pairs of vowels represent separate phonemes or allophones of the same phoncme? Please provide your evidence. If you think they are allopbones of the same phoncme, please use features to write a phonological rule to describe the pattern. (10%)
3.It has been noted that when children overregularize past tense morphology, they are more likely to do this with certain types of irregular verbs than with others. For example, English verbs which undergo ablaut and no other process in forming their past tense (e.g., sing/sang, ring/rang, etc.) are more likely to be overregularized than are verbs which undergo no change (e.g., hit/hit, shut/shut, etc.). When adults are asked to supply past tense forms under time pressure, a similar difference in the amount of overregularization occurs. Why do you think this might be? (20%)
(1) NP ＞
(2) PP →
(3) VP ＞
(4)S (or TP) →
5. One day your friend who runs a restaurant got a delivery order for海鲜鍋 with a note like this“不要海鲜和魚以外的肉",and hence your friend prepared a hot pot with 豬肉for the customer. The customer was very angry and gave your friend's restaurant a very bad rating on the internet, but your friend was upset and didn't know why.

This is an example of the so-called 'garden-path' effect. Try to explain what this tells us about how the parser (i.e., our brain) processes sentences.