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112年 - 112 亞洲大學學士後獸醫學系招生考試試題_學士後獸醫學系：化學(含普通化學、有機化學)#117879

科目：學士後◆化學 | 年份：112年 | 選擇題數：80 | 申論題數：0

試卷資訊

所屬科目：學士後◆化學

選擇題 (80)

1.How many distinct p orbitals exist in the second electron shell, where n = 2? (A)2 (B)3 (C)4(D)5
2.Orbitals which are equal in energy are referred to as ________. (A)degenerate (B)polar (C) nodes(D)filled
3.The atomic number of boron is 5. The correct electronic configuration of boron is: (A)1s22s3 (B)1s22p3 (C)1s22s22p1(D)2s22p3
4.Which of the following molecules contains a polar covalent bond? (A)H2 (B)F2 (C) CH3Cl(D)NaCl

5.Which of the following are acceptable Lewis structures, including formal charges, for nitric acid, HNO3? (A)A only (B)B only (C) C only(D)both B and C

6.Which atomic orbital combination would result in a molecular sigma bond? (A)(B)(C)(D)

7.How many carbon-carbon σ bonds are present in the molecule shown?
(A)2 (B)3 (C) 4(D)5

8.How many π bonds are present in the molecule shown?
(A)0 (B)1 (C) 3(D)4

9.Vildagliptin is a recently released antidiabetic drug (J. Med. Chem. 2010, 7902). How many elements of unsaturation are in Vildagliptin?
(A)4 (B)5 (C) 6(D)7

10. In the structure below, the hybridization of the oxygen is ________ and the C-O-C bond angle is ________. (A)sp2； 120° (B)sp2； ＜109.5° (C) sp3； 120°(D)sp3； ＜109.5°

11. The structure below is a potent analgesic agent (pain reliever) (J. Med. Chem., 2009, 5685). How many secondary carbons are in this structure?
(A)2 (B)4 (C) 6(D)12
12. How many methylene groups are present in 2,4-dimethylhexane? (A)0 (B)1 (C) 2(D)6
13. Among the butane conformers, which occur at energy minima on a graph of potential energy versus dihedral angle? (A)gauche only (B)eclipsed and totally eclipsed (C) gauche and anti(D)eclipsed only
14. Which of the following species is not formed through a termination reaction in the chlorination of methane? (A)CH3Cl (B)HCl (C) H2(D)CH3CH3
15. If the equilibrium constant (Keq) of a reaction is 0.5 then which of the following that must be true? (A)The reaction will have an early transition state. (B)Reaction equilibrium will favor the products. (C) Gibbs free energy (G) is positive.(D)Gibbs free energy (G) is negative.
16. Which is a measure of the randomness of a system? (A)entropy (B)enthalpy (C) free energy(D)halogenation
17. Which of the following statements correctly describes the contribution of ΔS° to ΔG° ? (A)The entropy term makes a greater contribution to ΔG° at low temperatures. (B)The entropy term makes a greater contribution to ΔG° at high temperatures. (C) The entropy term makes a greater contribution to ΔG° in exothermic reactions. (D) The entropy term makes a greater contribution to ΔG° in endothermic reactions.
18. Which of the following is true for the initiation step of a free radical chlorination reaction? (A)ΔH° ＞ 0 and ΔS° ＞ 0 (B)ΔH° ＞ 0 and ΔS° ＜ 0 (C) ΔH° ＜ 0 and ΔS° ＞ 0(D)ΔH° ＜ 0 and ΔS° ＜ 0
19. What term describes the structural relationship between cis-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane and trans-1,3-dimethylcyclopentane? (A)not isomers (B)constitutional isomers (C) enantiomers(D)diastereomers

20. What is the structural relationship between the two molecule shown below?
(A)constitutional isomers (B)enantiomers (C) diastereomers(D)conformational isomers

21. How many asymmetric carbon atoms are present in the molecule shown?
(A)0 (B)1 (C) 2(D)3
22. Which of the statements below correctly describes an achiral molecule? (A)The molecule has a nonsuperimposable mirror image. (B)The molecule exhibits optical activity when it interacts with plane-polarized light. (C) The molecule has an enantiomer. (D) The molecule might be a meso form.

23. Which of the following structures are achiral and meso?
(A)1 (B)2 (C) 3(D)4
24. Which of the following best describes the carbon-chlorine bond of an alkyl chloride? (A)nonpolar； no dipole (B)polar；δ+ at carbon and δ- at chlorine (C) polar；δ- at carbon and δ+ at chlorine(D)ionic
25. Which of the following factors is favorable for nucleophilicity but not basicity? (A)highly polarizable (B)low electronegativity (C) negatively charged(D)sterically hindered
26. Which of the following compounds will undergo an SN2 reaction most readily? (A)(CH3)3CCH2I (B)(CH3)3CCl (C) (CH3)2CHI(D)(CH3)2CHCH2CH2CH2I
27. Which of the following alkyl halides reacts most rapidly via an SN1 solvolysis reaction in hot methanol? (A)1-iodohexane (B)1-fluorohexane (C) (R)-2-bromohexane(D)1-iodo-1-methylcyclohexane
28. When a SN1 reaction of R-2-iodobutane takes place in hot methanol, the product ________. (A)is chiral (B)will rotate plane polarized light (C) is racemic(D)will undergo a hydride shift

29. Identify the correct name for the following structure.
(A)3-methoxy-5-methylcyclohepta-1,5-diene (B)6-methoxy-1-methylcyclohepta-1,4-diene (C) 7-methoxy-5-methylcyclohepta-1,4-diene(D)4-methoxy-2-methylcyclohepta-1,5-diene

30. For which of the following alkenes will cis- and trans- isomers not exist?
(A)a) only (B)b) only (C) both a) and c)(D)d) only
31. Using Zaitsev's rule, choose the most stable alkene among the following. (A)1-methylcyclohexene (B)3-methylcyclohexene (C) 4-methylcyclohexene (D) They are all of equal stability according to Zaitsev's rule.
32. Consider the constitutional isomers 2-methylbut-1-ene, 2-methylbut-2-ene, and 3-methylbut-1-ene. When each of these alkenes is subjected to catalytic hydrogenation (H2, Pt), a single product results. Which of the following best describes the structural relationship among these products? (A)The products are cis-trans isomers. (B)The products are identical. (C) The products are constitutional isomers.(D)The products are enantiomers.
33. Which of the following alkenes has the smallest molar heat of hydrogenation (ie, releases the least heat upon hydrogenation)? (A)2,3-dimethyl-2-butene (B)2-methyl-2-butene (C) trans-2-butene(D)cis-2-butene
34. HBr can be added to an alkene in the presence of peroxides (ROOR). What function does the peroxide serve in this reaction? (A)nucleophile (B)electrophile (C) radical chain initiator(D)acid catalyst

35. Provide the reagents necessary to complete the following transformation.
(A)1. BH3∙THF 2. H2O2, HO- (B)H2O, H2SO4 (C) OsO4, H2O2(D)CH3CO3H
36. Which of the following is the best reaction sequence to use if one wants to accomplish a Markovnikov addition of water to an alkene with minimal skeletal rearrangement? (A)water + dilute acid (B)water + concentrated acid (C) oxymercuration-demercuration (D) hydroboration-oxidation

37. What is the correct IUPAC name for the following structure?
(A)(Z) 4-methyl-3-hexen-1-thiol (B)(Z) 6-mercapto-3-methylhex-3-ene (C)( E ) 6-mercapto-3-methylhex-3-ene(D)( E ) 4-methylhex-3-en-1-thiol
38. The reaction of CH3CH2MgBr with CH3COCH2CH3 gives ________. (A)an achiral product (B)a mixture of diastereomers (C) the racemate of a chiral product(D)a single enantiomer
39. Which alcohol reacts most rapidly with the Lucas reagent? (A)benzyl alcohol (B)methanol (C) 2-propanol(D)isobutanol
40. Which of the following oxidants will convert a primary alcohol to an aldehyde?
1) sodium dichromate /sulfuric acid 3)pyridinium chlorochromate
2) copper oxide 4) dimethylsulfoxide, oxalyl chloride (A)3 & 4 (B)2, 3, & 4 (C) 3(D)1, 2, 3, & 4

41. What are the relative integrations for the 1H NMR signals for the following compound?(A)3:1:2:2 (B)3:3:2 (C) 3:1:4(D)5:3
42. If a molecule contains 4 elements of unsaturation and signals in the 1H NMR spectrum between δ 7.0 and 8.0 ppm, what structural group is likely to be present? (A)a carbonyl group (B)an aromatic ring (C) a hydroxyl group(D)a cyclohexyl ring
43. Using a 60 MHz spectrometer, the protons in dichloromethane appear at 5.30 ppm. When the same sample is placed in a 100 MHz instrument, where does the signal appear? (A)8.33 (B)5.30 (C) 3.18(D)cannot be determined from information given
44. Which of the following is another name for cyclobutadiene? (A)[2]annulene (B)[4]annulene (C) [6]annulene(D)Dewar benzene
45. In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions a bromine substituent ________. (A)is a deactivator and a m-director (B)is a deactivator and an o,p-director (C) is an activator and a m-director(D)is an activator and an o,p-director
46. Which element is oxidized in the reaction below?
Fe(CO)5 (l) + 2HI (g) → Fe(CO)4I2 (s) + CO (g) + H2 (g) (A)C (B)O (C) H(D)Fe
47. Which of the following reactions is a redox reaction?
(a) K2CrO4 + BaCl2 → BaCrO4 + 2KCl
(b) Pb22+ + 2Br- → PbBr
(c) Cu + S → CuS (A)(a) only (B)(b) only (C) (c) only(D)(a) and (c)
48. The purpose of the salt bridge in an electrochemical cell is to ________. (A)maintain electrical neutrality in the half-cells via migration of ions (B)provide a source of ions to react at the anode and cathode (C) provide oxygen to facilitate oxidation at the anode (D) provide a means for electrons to travel from the anode to the cathode
49. Consider an electrochemical cell based on the reaction:
2H+ (aq) + Sn (s) → Sn2+ (aq) + H2 (g) Which of the following actions would not change the measured cell potential? (A)lowering the pH in the cathode compartment (B)addition of more tin metal to the anode compartment (C) increasing the tin (II) ion concentration in the anode compartment (D) increasing the pressure of hydrogen gas in the cathode compartment
50. What is the cathode in an alkaline battery? (A)MnO2 (B)KOH (C) Zn powder(D)Mn2O3

51. The standard cell potential ( ) for the reaction below is +0.63 V. At 25 °C, the cell potential for this reaction is ________ V when [Zn2+ ] = 3.0 M and [Pb2+ ] =2.0✖10-4M.

Pb2+(aq) + Zn (s) → Zn2+(aq) + Pb (s) (A)0.51 (B)0.86 (C) 0.40(D)0.75

52. The first law of thermodynamics can be given as ________. (A)ΔE = q + w (B)(C) for any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases (D) the entropy of a pure crystalline substance at absolute zero is zero
53. When a system is at equilibrium, ________. (A)the reverse process is spontaneous but the forward process is not (B)the forward and the reverse processes are both spontaneous (C) the forward process is spontaneous but the reverse process is not (D) the process is not spontaneous in either direction
54. The second law of thermodynamics states that ________. (A)ΔE = q + w (B)ΔH°rxn = Σ nΔH°f (products) - Σ mΔH°f (reactants) (C) for any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases (D) the entropy of a pure crystalline substance is zero at absolute zero
55. ΔS is positive for the reaction ________. (A)2H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2H2O (g) (B)2NO2 (g) → N2O4 (g) (C) CO2 (g) → CO2 (s)(D)BaF2 (s) → Ba2+ (aq) + 2F- (aq)
複選題
56. With thermodynamics, one cannot determine ________. (A)the speed of a reaction (B)the direction of a spontaneous reaction (C) the extent of a reaction (D) the value of the equilibrium constant
57. Photoionization processes (e.g., N2 + hν → N2+ + e-) remove UV of ＜ 150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150-200 nm range in the upper atmosphere? (A)N2 + hν → 2N (B)O2 + hν → 2º (C) O3 + hν → O2 + O(D)N2 + O2 + hν → 2NO
58. Which one of the following substances found in the atmosphere will absorb radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum? (A)N2 (B)O2 (C) Kr(D)H2O
59. What is meant by the salinity of seawater? (A)percent by mass of salt in seawater (B)mass in grams of dry salts present in 1 kg of seawater (C) molality of NaCl in seawater(D)osmotic pressure of seawater
60. Which one of the following pairs cannot be mixed together to form a buffer solution? (A)C5H5N, C5H5NHCl (B)HC2H3O2, NaOH (C2H3O2- = acetate) (C) KOH, HI(D)NH2CH3, HCl

61. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is ________. (A) (B) (C)(D)
62. Which compound listed below has the greatest molar solubility in water? (A)CdCO3 (B)Cd(OH)2 (C) AgI(D)CaF2
63. In which one of the following solutions is silver chloride the most soluble? (A)0.200 M HCl (B)0.750 M LiNO3 (C) 0.0150 M NH3(D)0.185 M KCl
64. A result of the common-ion effect is ________. (A)that some ions, such as Na+ (aq), frequently appear in solutions but do not participate in solubility equilibria (B)that common ions, such as Na+ (aq), don't affect equilibrium constants (C) that the selective precipitation of a metal ion, such as Ag+, is promoted by the addition of an appropriate counterion (X-) that produces a compound (AgX) with a very low solubility (D)that ions such as K+ and Na+ are common ions, so that their values in equilibrium constant expressions are always 1.00
65. A Br∅nsted-Lowry base is defined as a substance that ________. (A)increases [H+] when placed in H2O (B)decreases [H+] when placed in H2O (C) increases [OH-] when placed in H2O(D)acts as a proton acceptor
66. The hydride ion, , is a stronger base than the hydroxide ion, O . The product(s) of the reaction of hydride ion with water is/are ________. (A)H3O+ (aq) (B)OH- (aq) + H2 (g) (C) OH- (aq) + 2H+ (aq)(D)no reaction occurs
67. Which one of the following has the weakest conjugate base? (A)HF (Ka = 6.8 × 10-4) (B)HClO (Ka = 3.0 × 10-8) (C) HNO2 (Ka = 4.5 × 10-4)(D)HCN (Ka = 4.9 × 10-10)
68. Which one of the following will change the value of an equilibrium constant? (A)changing temperature (B)adding other substances that do not react with any of the species involved in the equilibrium (C) varying the initial concentrations of reactants (D) varying the initial concentrations of products

69. The equilibrium constant for the gas phase reaction

is Keq = 4.34 × 10-3 at 300 °(C) At equilibrium, ________. (A)products predominate (B)reactants predominate (C) roughly equal amounts of products and reactants are present(D)only products are present
複選題

70. Consider the following reaction at equilibrium:

Le Châtelier's principle predicts that the moles of in the reaction container will increase with ________. (A)some removal of from the reaction vessel (V and T constant) (B)a decrease in the total pressure (T constant) (C) addition of some to the reaction vessel (V and T constant) (D) a decrease in the total volume of the reaction vessel (T constant)
71. Of the following, all are valid units for a reaction rate except ________. (A)mol/L (B)M/s (C) mol/hr(D)g/s
72. When argon is placed in a container of neon, the argon spontaneously disperses throughout the neon because ________. (A)of the large attractive forces between argon and neon atoms (B)of hydrogen bonding (C) a decrease in energy occurs when the two mix (D) the dispersion of argon atoms produces an increase in disorder
73. When solutions of strong electrolytes in water are formed, the ions are surrounded by water molecules. These interactions are described as a case of ________. (A)hydration (B)supersaturation (C) crystallization(D)dehydration
74. Pairs of liquids that will mix in all proportions are called ________ liquids. (A)miscible (B)unsaturated (C) polar(D)saturated
75. A solid has a very high melting point, great hardness, and poor electrical conduction. This is a(n) ________ solid. (A)ionic (B)molecular (C) metallic(D)covalent network
76. The unit cell with all sides the same length and all angles equal to 90° that has lattice points only at the corners is called ________. (A)monoclinic (B)body-centered cubic (C) primitive cubic(D)face-centered cubic
77. CsCl crystallizes in a unit cell that contains a Cs+ ion at the center of a cube and a Cl- ion at each corner. The unit cell of CsCl is ________. (A)close packed (B)body-centered cubic (C) face-centered cubic(D)amorphous
78. Which molecule has hydrogen bonding as the predominant intermolecular force? (A)CH4 (B)C6H6 (C) CH3OH(D)CO2
79. The ease with which the charge distribution in a molecule can be distorted by an external electrical field is called the ________. (A)resonance (B)polarity (C) polarizability(D)electron migration
80. Which of the following does not have eight valence electrons? (A)Ca+ (B)Rb+ (C) Xe(D)Br-

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