114年 - 114-1 交通部航港局_船員岸上晉升訓練及適任性評估_一等輪機長：輪機英文實作評估#128242

(a) International Safety Management (ISM) Code means the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention as adopted by the Assembly, as may be amended by the Organization. 

(b) Objective evidence means quantitative and qualitative information, records or statements of fact pertaining to safety or to the existence and implementation of a safety management system element, which is based on observation, measurement or test and which can be verified. 

1 provide for safe practices in ship operation and a safe working environment; 

2 assess all identified risks to its ships, personnel and the environment and establish appropriate safeguards; and 

3 continuously improve safety management skills of personnel ashore and aboard ships, including preparing for emergencies related both to safety and environmental protection. 

1 a safety and environmental-protection policy; 

2 instructions and procedures to ensure safe operation of ships and protection of the environment in compliance with relevant international and flag State legislation; 

3 defined levels of authority and lines of communication between, and amongst, shore and shipboard personnel; 

4 procedures for reporting accidents and non-conformities with the provisions of this Code; 

5 procedures to prepare for and respond to emergency situations; and 

6 procedures for internal audits and management reviews. 

(a) 打開泵浦進行勘察和檢驗。

(b) 船廠應依要求安排和簽發無毒氣和熱工作業證書。

(c) 使用高壓水和合適的清潔劑來清洗風扇葉輪。

(d) 停靠乾塢期間,應將冷卻水連接至船舶的冷凍設備。

(e) 當船舶抵達乾船塢時,應將1000安培、440伏特的電力連接至岸上電源。

(a) The efficiency of diesel engines, especially of two-stroke low speed diesels, is almost independent of load over a wide load range. Furthermore, low load running without any limitation is possible down to approximately 20% of maximum continuous rating (MCR), while still ensuring high efficiency and reliability, irrespective of the plant running program. (8%)

(b) Essentially, diesel engine combustion comprises a series of batch processes, whereas the gas turbine uses continuous combustion. In the batch process, higher initial temperatures and pressures can be used than in the gas turbine, since the exposed components are cooled at the end of each process and between processes. The thermal efficiency can therefore be higher in the diesel than in the gas turbine. 

(c) Each piston stroke constitutes a batch process, and the slower it can be while still maintaining its adiabatic thermodynamic condition, the more efficient it can be. An added advantage of the slow process that takes place in a low speed engine is that the ignition delay which may occur, depending on fuel quality and engine geometry, has less impact on a low speed engine. 

(d) While a low speed engine often gives a longer ignition delay than its medium speed counterpart with the same fuel, the ignition delay is still proportionally shorter in a low speed engine, in terms of degrees of crankshaft angle. This is one of the reasons why a low speed engine is considered more forgiving than other types of machinery when low-quality, low-cost fuels are used.