19. Consider a container with a piston containing 2.0 moles of a monatomic ideal gas with initial conditions of V = 6.0 L and P = 2.0 atm at 300 K. If the external pressure suddenly increases to 4.0 atm and the gas is compressed isothermally, which of the following statements about this process is true? (gas constant R = 8.314 J·K^-1 mol ^-l；In2 =0.693)
(A)This is a reversible process.
(B)This process is spontaneous.
(C)The change of enthalpy (△H) is positive.
(D)The entropy change (△S) is -11.5 J/K.
(E)The entropy change of the surrounding (△S_surr) is -4.1 J/K.

50. A disk (radius = 8.0 cm) rotates about a fixed axis passing through its center and, starting from rest, accelerates at a constant rate to an angular velocity of 4.0 rad/s in 2.0 s. What is the magnitude of the total linear acceleration at a point on the edge of the disk when the angular velocity of the disk is 1.5 rad/s? (A)16.0 cm/s2 (B)18.0 cm/s2 (C)24.0 cm/s2 (D)34.0 cm/s2 (E)44.0 cm/s2

51. A gas undergoes a reversible thermodynamic cycle composed of two adiabatic processes and two isobaric processes as shown in the figure below. Which of the following statements is true?(A)The entropy change of the gas in a cycle is zero. (B)The cyclic process is operated between two heat reservoirs of fixed temperatures. (C)The work done by the gas in a cycle depends on whether it is monatomic or diatomic gas. (D)The internal energy of the gas is a constant throughout the process. (E)The total work done by the system equals the total heat absorbed by the system.

52. The armature of a 60-Hz AC generator rotates in a magnetic field of 0.15 T. If the area of the coil is 2.0x10-2 m2, how many rings must the coil contain if the peak output is to be close to 150 V? (A)6 (B)15 (C)60 (D)90 (E)130

53. A non-conducting sphere of radius 10 cm is uniformly charged with a density of 100 nC/m3 . What is the magnitude of the electric field at 4.0 cm from the center of the sphere? (ε0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2/N·m2) (A)50 N/C (B)100 N/C (C)150 N/C (D)300 N/C (E)600 N/C

54. Which of the following statements about an ideal gas confined in a box is true? (A)For an adiabatic free expansion process, the temperature remains constant. (B)For an isobaric process, the temperature can only increase. (C)For an adiabatic process, the temperature remains constant, regardless of the gas expansion or not. (D)For an isochoric (fixed volume but not adiabatic) process, the temperature remains constant. (E)For an isochoric (fixed volume) process, the internal energy can decrease as the temperature increases.

55. As shown in the figure below, an RC circuit consists of a resistor R, and two capacitors C1 and C2 with ditterent capacitance). At t =0, the charges stored on C1 and C2 are Q0 and 0, respectively. And the switch is also closed at t = 0. Which of the following statements is true(A)The charges would go back and forth between C1 and C2 repeatedly. (B)The charge would flow back and forth between C1 and C2, but the amount of charge is getting less and less. (C)When one waits long enough, both capacitors share the same amount of energy. (D)When one waits long enough, the voltage across the resistor becomes zero. (E) When one waits long enough, the charges are neutralized and both the positive and negative charges of the two capacitors are zero.

56. A small helium-neon laser emits red visible light with a power of 3.0 m W in a beam with a radius of 2.0 mm. Which of the following values is closest to the electric field amplitude of this light in V/m? (ε0=8.85 x10-12 C/N·m2) (A)0.8 (B)5.0 (C)30 (D)400 (E)1000

57. A charger for a cell phone contains a transformer that steps down 120-V AC to 5.0-V AC. Suppose the secondary coil contains 30 turns and the charger delivers 700 mA to the phone. Which of the following values is closest to the converted power (W)? (A)0.2 (B)1 (C)3 (D)10 (E)20

58. A uniform stick is 1.0-m long and weighs 1.0 kg. It is attached to a hinge at one end and to a spring with spring constant k = 3.0 N/m at the other end, and is placed horizontally as shown in the figure. The stick oscillates slightly up and down. Which of the following values is closest to its period in s?(A)4 (B)2 (C)1 (D)0.6 (E)0.2

59. A man wants to know the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by an overhead power line. He estimates that a transmission line is about 10 meters above the ground. The local power company tells him that the line operates at 1 5 kV and provides a maximum of 65 MW to the area. Which of the following values is closest to the peak current (A）? (A)500 (B)400 (C)200 (D)50 (E)15

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