4. (5%) Consider a cash-or-nothing call option which pays the option holder an amount K at the maturity T only if the asset price at T is larger than K. The pricing formula for this option is as follows.
and S is the current asset price, r is a constant risk-free interest rate, σ is the volatility of the asset price, and N(●) is the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal distribution defined as

 Derive the Delta (i.e., ) of this option,.
(A)
(B)
(C) 0
(D) None of the above

1. (5%) For speeds between 40 and 65 kilometers per hour, a truck gets 480/x kilometers for per liter of diesel gasoline when driven at a constant speed of x kilometers per hour. Diesel gasoline costs $2.23 per liter, and the driver is paid $15.10 per hour. What is the most economical constant speed between 40 and 65 kilometers per hour at which to drive the truck? (A)52.5 kilometers per hour (B) 57 kilometers per hour (C) 65 kilometers per hour (D) None of the above

2. (5%) What is the value ofdx? (A) 0.713 (B) 0.865 (C) 0.918 (D) None of the above

3. (5%) Which can be the solution form of A(t) if A'(t) = A2(t) + A(t) - 1,and A(0) = 0. (A) A(t) = a+ bect+ d (B) A(t) = exp(a+bect)+d (C) A(t) = (a+bect)-1+d (D) None of the above

5. (5%) For the pricing formula of the cash-or-nothing call option in Question 4, derive the vega of this option. (A)(B)(C)(D) None of the above

6. (5%) What is the value of? (A) -∞(B) 1/3 (C) 1/6 (D)∞

7. (5%) Determine whether the following statement is true or false. "Suppose an is positive for all n. If converges, then also converges." (A) False (B) True (C) Uncertain (need more information) (D) None of the above

8. (5%) A community is laid out as a rectangular grid in relation to two main streets that intersect at the city center. Each point in the community has coordinates (x,y) in this grid, for -10≤x≤ 10, -8 ≤y≤ 8 with x and y measured in kilometers. Suppose the value of the land located at the point (x,y) is V thousand dollars, whereEstimate the value of the block of land occupying the rectangular region1≤ x≤ 3,0≤ y≤ 2. (A) 759 thousand dollars (B) 859 thousand dollars (C) 959 thousand dollars (D) None of the above

9.If a positive variable λ follows a gamma distribution, ie., λ~Gamma(a,β),where a and 8 are positive real numbers. Consequently, the probability density function for λ is as follows. where Γ(Z) is the gamma function and defined asif Z is a complex number with a positive real part. What is the var(λ) a = 1 and β = 2? (5%) (A) 1/4 (B) 1/2 (C) 1 (D) None of the above

10.(5%) The death rate and birth rate of many animal and plant specie periodically with the seasons. The population P(t) of such a species at time t changes at a rate that may be modeled by a differential equation of the form Given the initial population P(0) to be 1000, what is the population (A) 1482 (B) 2482 (C) 3482 (D) None of the above 

15. (5%) What is the value of dx?(A)0 (B)∞ (C)1 (D) None of the above 

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