5What is a common trigger for the bacterial SOS response?
(A) thymine starvation
(B) DNA cross-linking agents such as mitomycin C
(C) ultraviolet radiation
(D) mutation of DNA replication genes
(E) all of the above

1 The combination of histone proteins with DNA gives rise to what structure? (A) cohesins (B) telomeres (C)centromeres (D) nuclear scaffold (E)nucleosomes

2 Histones are_______that are usually associated with________. (A) acidic proteins； DNA (B) acidic proteins； RNA (C) basic proteins； DNA (D) basic proteins； RNA (E) coenzymes derived from histidine； enzymes

3Which of the following types of DNA repair is often coupled with transcription? (A) photoreactivation (B) base excision repair (C)replication (D)nucleotide excision repair (E) all of the above

4 Which base or bases is/are methylated to identify the original template strand of replicated DNA? (A) A (B) C (C) G (D) A and G (E) Cand G

6What role does integration host factor ([HF) play in site-specific recombination during phage X lysogeny? (A) binds host DNA forcing a DNA bend (B) supercoils phage DNA (C) cleaves host and phage DNA at specific sites to create sticky ends (D) ligates host and phage DNA once recombination occurs (E) all of the above

7The E. coli core polymerase is missing the________ subunit and binds to DNA with________ specificity than the holoenzyme. (A) o, less (B) o, greater (C) or, less (D) o, greater (E) none of the above

8As RNA polymerase moves along the DNA, it creates a single stranded region of about 18 base pairs that is called a________ . (A) transcription bubble (B) transcription single-stranded region (C) transcription droplet (D)transcription vesicle (E) transcription bead

9 Rifampicin is known to inhibit RNA synthesis in E. coli. Once the first ten nucleotides have been incorporated, rifampicin does not inhibit RNA synthesis. Which of the following best explains how rifampicin functions? (A)rifampicin binds only to the core enzyme when bound to DNA but can bind to the holoenzyme when not bound to DNA (B) rifampicin can bind to RNA polymerase when the polymerase is not bound to DNA but cannot bind when the polymerase is bound to DNA (C) rifampicin only inhibits when the a subunit is bound to the core enzyme (D) rifampicin is able to bind to the nucleotide binding site at any time (E) none of the above

10The E. coli promoter region contains a -10 consensus sequence of________on the sense strand. (A) GAGAGA (B) CTCTCT (C) GAGGAG (D) GACGTC (E) TATAAT

11In eukaryotic cells, RNA polymerase_________ transcribes most of the ribosomal RNA, RNA polymerase_________ transcribes the major structural genes and RNA polymerase_________ transcribes tRNAs. (A) I； II； III (B) I； HII； II (C) II； I； III (D) II； I (E) III； II； I on the III；

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