78.郭先生罹患急性骨髓性白血病（acute myeloid leukemia）M4。分類為低風險（good-risk），已經接受7+3 （cytarabine+daunorubicin）達到控制，之後以高劑量cytarabine治療一次後，預備進行異體幹細胞移植。依序回答下列三 題。 郭先生所接受高劑量cytarabine的目的為何？
(A)consolidation therapy
(B)induction therapy
(C)maintenance therapy
(D)palliative therapy

by 蓉

成人急性骨髓性白血病治療： 

① induction remission

→Cytarabine(Ara-C) 7天 +daunorubicin / Idarubicin 3天

→讓病人達到complete remission

② consolidation

→High dose Ara-C (HiDAC)、造血幹細胞移植

50.有關抗癌化學治療之目的，下列敘述何者正確？ 
(A) neoadjuvant therapy之目的在根除性的手術後清除微轉移（micrometastases） 
(B) adjuvant therapy之目的在降低腫瘤大小，以利手術進行 
(C) induction therapy之目的在堅固前一階段化學治療所達到的成果 
(D) palliative therapy之目的在阻擋癌細胞進一步的蔓延

答案：D 專技 - 藥物治療學- 104 年 - 104年專技高考 藥物治療學更正#23928

-------------------------------------

51.有關成人急性骨髓性白血病（acute myelocytic leukemia）的治療原則，下列何者正確？ 
(A) induction chemotherapy的目標為快速達到complete remission，恢復造血功能 
(B) 只要能達到完全緩解，不論多少次的induction chemotherapy都有好的預後 
(C) 最重要的預後因子為癌症期別 
(D) antimicrotubule藥品為化學治療的主幹

答案：A
專技 - 藥物治療學- 104 年 - 104年專技高考 藥物治療學更正#23928
-------------------------------------

林小姐45歲，因第三期乳癌接受化學治療後再進行手術切除，並於手術後接受六次的化學治療，請依序回答下列三題。
【題組】78. 林小姐的第一次化學治療，一般被稱為： 
(A)新輔助（neoadjuvant）化學治療 
(B)輔助（adjuvant）化學治療 
(C)預況性（conditioning）化學治療 
(D)緩和性（palliative）化學治療

答案：A 
專技 - 藥物治療學- 104 年 - 104-1-藥師(二)-藥物治療學#19189

by woanshan 
1.  新輔助療法(neoadjuvant chemotherapy)：在main therapy未開始之前就作的

2.  輔助療法(adjuvant chemotherapy)：在main therapy結束之後而追加的

3.  緩和性化療(palliative chemotherapy)：癌細胞已擴散，無法治癒，只是延長病人的survival改善life quality

4.  誘導性化療(induction chemotherapy)：目標為快速達到complete remission，恢復造血功能

5.  鞏固治療(consolidation therapy)：有些癌症是以化學治療作為主要治療，如急慢性白血病（血癌）、惡性淋巴瘤、多發性骨髓瘤等，甚至可以提昇化學治療劑量至「超高劑量化學治療」，達到「廓清」癌細胞的目的，並使用「造血幹細胞」（骨髓或周邊血液幹細胞）成功地重建骨髓。

6.  維持性化學治療(maintenance therapy)：對於某些癌症完全緩解的病人，以低劑量的藥物長期治療，希望能達到減緩殘餘癌細胞的生長。

7.救援性化療(Salvage chemotherapy)當第一線治療失敗時，所進行之第二線治療。目的仍以腫瘤為治療目標, 積極地朝治癒方向進行。

P.S induction therapy 不像是 新輔助療法(neoadjuvant chemotherapy)
     比較屬於 primary therapy

Neoadjuvantntherapy : Treatment given as a first step to shrink a tumor before the main treatment, which isnusually surgery, is given. Examples of neoadjuvant therapy includenchemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. It is a type of induction therapy.

Adjuvantntherapy : Additional cancer treatment given after the primary treatment to lower thenrisk that the cancer will come back like micrometastases. Adjuvant therapynmay include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy,nor biological therapy. also known as adjunct therapy, add-on therapy, and adjuvantncare.

Inductionntherapy: The firstntreatment given for a disease. It is often part of a standard set of treatments, such as surgery followed bynchemotherapy and radiation. When used by itself, induction therapy is the onenaccepted as the best treatment. If it doesn’t cure the disease or it causesnsevere side effects, other treatment may be added or used instead. Also callednfirst-line therapy, primary therapy, and primary treatment.

Consolidationntherapy : Treatment that is given after cancer has disappeared following the initial therapy.nConsolidation therapy is used to kill any cancer cells that may be left in thenbody. It may include radiation therapy,na stem cell transplant, or treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells.nAlso called intensification therapy andnpostremission therapy.

Maintenancentherapy:Treatment thatnis given to help keep cancer from coming back after it has disappearednfollowing the initial therapy. It may include treatment with drugs, vaccines, or antibodies that kill cancer cells, and itnmay be given for a long time.

Salvage therapy : Treatment that is given after the cancer has not responded to other treatments.

Palliativentherapy :Treatment given to relieve the symptoms and reduce the suffering caused by cancer andnother life-threatening diseases. Palliative cancer therapies are given togethernwith other cancer treatments, from the time of diagnosis, through treatment,nsurvivorship, recurrent or advanced disease, and at the end of life.

ref. NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE