(1) Brexit

(e) (10%) Simplify the equations if steady, inviscid, and 2D flow (x-y coordinately only)

3. (10%) A steel rod with an initial carbon concentration 0.2% by weight is to be hardened. An equilibrium concentration of carbon in iron at the phase interface of 1.5%. Calculate the time required for the location Imm below the surface to have a carbon mass concentration of 0.8%. The diffusion coefficient of carbon in steel at the process temperature is . Hints: The similarity variable for this problem is , and the erfc(x)= 1 - erf(x)

一、 根據一些社會學研究指出，健康有其社會基礎，亦即健康與階級、性別及族群（或種族）具有密切的相關。試分別舉出一個以上日常生活中的例子，說明這樣的關係。

二、 近十餘年來，台灣社會也跟隨世界潮流，興起了新的社會運動。試舉一例，就其新議題、新組織形式、新行動戲碼及新組成份子，加以分析並評論。

(2) BOT

(1) What causes the longest-ever U.S. Government shutdown from December 2018 to January 2019?

(2) What is the main difference within their attitudes toward the   border security   issue of President Trump and Democrats?

(3) Why we do not see government shutdown in Taiwan? Please answer the questions in English. (30%)

三、There are always interest groups in the democratic regime. According to the democratic theory, individuals can and should form political interest groups to promote public policies that serve their goals. But on the other hand there are the complaints among the concern citizens that interest groups are too powerful and effective in influencing government to enact policies that serve their own interests rather than the public interest. Do interest groups hinder or facilitate the democratic process? Please write your analysis in English.

四、A controversial issue in recent years is whether it is acceptable for states and international actors to use force (or the threat of force) against a state that is abusing the human rights of its own citizens. Is humanitarian intervention an acceptable action if it violates a state’s sovereignty? Please write your analysis in English.