申論題

I.專業英文填空:請參考下列答案庫,限用英文,每題2分、文法錯誤扣1分(30%)。
 ※注意:請於試卷内之「非選擇題作答區」作答,並應注明作答之題號。
答案庫(含單數名詞、原型動詞、形容詞與副詞):
Biological reactions __(14)__ by enzymes are generally very  __(15)__ to certain chemicals known as the __(16)__ of the enzymes; the chemicals bind to the __(17)__ . site of the enzyme to become an ES complex with a much lower __(18)__ energy.
 
The reaction therefore can occur under mild conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure) with sufficient efficiency.Based on Michaelis-Menten model, the reaction rate is related to the concentration of ES complex as the following__ (19)__ kinetics.
 In the__ (20)__ state, the concentration of ES complex can be solved as follows.

An enzymatic reaction rate therefore increases non-linearly with the substrate concentration and reaches a  maximum as the substrate concentration being much higher than __(21)__.

 Since the kinetics is not linear, it will be more convenient to analyze the parameters by plotting the

__(22)__values of the reaction rate against those of the substrate concentration.

 The __(23)__ of the plot will be proportional to the Michaelis constant.

The following plots show the existence of__ (24)__ . inhibitors which will alter the apparent K_M (the slope of the plot) of the enzyme kinetics without changing the Vmar. The higher the inhibitor concentration, the__(25)__ the apparent K_M.
 
 According to Arthenius expression, the rate constant (k₂) of an enzyme will be alfected by the temperature (T) and the activation energy (Ea). 'The reaction for the substrate possesses an Ea _ __(26)__ than other of the enzyme.chemicals, which is the origin of the substrate __(27)__of the enzyme.

The best way to calculate the activation energy is to multiply the slope of the semi-logarithmic plot of V

against (1/T) with the negative value of __(28)__.