(D) N⁵-formyl-THF

1. (A) Draw the titration plot of glycine,

(B) Write the equation of glycine titration, and

(C) Label the dissociation constant

(K) and isoelectric point (pI) 

2. (A) Explain the differences between cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. How do these differences show in the reaction with Gram stain? 

(B) The systematic name of Palmitoleic acid is 9-Hexadecenoic acid. Please draw the structure of cis-Palmitoleic acid. 

(A)Please derive equation (1) (2%) and

(B) explain the meaning (and their units) of Vm and Km (2%)

We learn that inhibitor I can inhibit the reaction such that the inhibited kinetics follow the Lineweaver-Burk plot belowWhat kind of inhibition is this? Competitive, noncompetitive or uncompetitive (1%); Does the inhibitor compete the same binding site with the substrate or not? (1%) We chemically modify I into I'; now I' binds the enzyme even tighter than before. How are the lines in the figure going to shift? Compare [I'] with [I] at the same concentrations (2%). Describe two examples how enzymes regulate their activities in vivo? (2%)

4. Which physiological activities of erythrocytes are inhibited by 2,4-dinitrophenol? (10%)

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