申論題

三、請閱讀下列文字,說明社會排除(social exclusion)有那三種形式?其個別的定義為何?(25%)
 Multi-dimensionality is key to the idea of 'deep exclusion'. This term was introduced into the conceptual field by David Miliband, who argued in March 2005 that ''social exclusion exists in wide, deep and concentrated forms, and it is important not to confuse them" (Miliband, 2006, p 3). 'Wide exclusion' refers to those deprived on a single indicator. 'Deep exclusion' refers to those who are excluded on multiple counts, while 'concentrated exclusion' refers to the concentration of problems in particular geographical areas.