1.試論述 George Kelly 個人建構理論中，對於人性本質及建構、推論的 觀點，並從中闡述「何以人會出現不適應的困擾」。（15 分）

2.請說明並比較 Lawrence Kohlberg 與 Carol Gilligan 對於道德發展的論述 異同及影響。（15 分）

3. Describe the feature and the logic of projective test (5 points). What are the disadvantages of projective tests (5 points).

2. Generate an example of the fundamental attribution error (5 points) and discuss the cultural difference of it (5 points).

1. Describe the confirmation bias and explain how it can affect people’s decision making. (5 points)

3. Suppose you are providing counseling to mother regarding their son, Tin. His mother report that Tin is a difficult child and disregards any demands made by his mother. During the “strange situation” test, Tin seems angry with his mother for having left him, but he turns from her when she tries to comfort him. What could you hypothesize about the parenting style of Tin’s mother, and what advice might you offer to improve the situation?

2. Discuss the roles of maturation and learning in human development.

1. Evaluate Piaget’s view that cognitive development occurs in stages.

3. Please describe explicit and implicit memories and give examples for each type of memory respectively.

2. Please describe the what and where pathways in the brain and provide the supporting evidences for each pathways.

1. Please describe Baddeley’s working memory model and describe whether and how articulatory suppression affects the function of phonological loop.

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